American National Election Studies, Cumulative Data File, 1948-2004

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VCF0402 Is there anything in particular about [Democratic presidential candidate] that might make you want to vote against him? What is that?   0) Zero negative mentions (dislikes)   1) One negative mention (dislikes)   2) Two negative mentions (dislikes)   3) Three negative mentions (dislikes)   4) Four negative mentions (dislikes)   5) Five negative mentions (dislikes)   9) No pre-interview; form II (1972); abbrev. interview form (1980)

Pie Chart Bar Chart Cumulative Bar Chart

Category	Frequency	Percentage	Cumulative Percentage	Z-Score
Zero negative mentions (dislikes)	11586	44.5%	44.5%	-.69
One negative mention (dislikes)	5399	20.7%	65.2%	-.24
Two negative mentions (dislikes)	3692	14.2%	79.4%	.2
Three negative mentions (dislikes)	2109	8.1%	87.5%	.64
Four negative mentions (dislikes)	980	3.8%	91.2%	1.08
Five negative mentions (dislikes)	792	3%	94.3%	1.53
No pre-interview; form II (1972); abbrev. interview form (1980)	1494	5.7%	100%	3.3

Variable Comparisons

Gender Race Age Education Religion Church attendance

Gender (I-GENDER)

	Male	Female	TOTAL
Zero negative mentions (dislikes)	40.3% 4628	48.1% 6958	44.6% 11586
One negative mention (dislikes)	21.3% 2441	20.4% 2958	20.8% 5399
Two negative mentions (dislikes)	15.5% 1784	13.2% 1908	14.2% 3692
Three negative mentions (dislikes)	9.4% 1083	7.1% 1026	8.1% 2109
Four negative mentions (dislikes)	4.3% 493	3.4% 487	3.8% 980
Five negative mentions (dislikes)	3.9% 448	2.4% 344	3.1% 792
No pre-interview; form II (1972); abbrev. interview form (1980)	5.3% 604	5.5% 790	5.4% 1394
TOTAL	100.0% 11481	100.0% 14471	25952

Race (I-RACE)

	White	Black	Asian	Native American	Hispanic	Other	TOTAL
Zero negative mentions (dislikes)	39.4% 8408	77.8% 2227	42.9% 91	47.0% 245	59.7% 506	75.5% 40	44.6% 11517
One negative mention (dislikes)	22.5% 4798	8.7% 249	21.2% 45	20.9% 109	18.9% 160	15.1% 8	20.8% 5369
Two negative mentions (dislikes)	15.7% 3360	5.1% 147	16.0% 34	13.1% 68	8.4% 71	7.5% 4	14.3% 3684
Three negative mentions (dislikes)	9.1% 1937	2.1% 59	7.1% 15	8.6% 45	5.3% 45	1.9% 1	8.1% 2102
Four negative mentions (dislikes)	4.2% 906	0.6% 18	5.2% 11	4.0% 21	2.4% 20	0.0% 0	3.8% 976
Five negative mentions (dislikes)	3.4% 729	0.5% 14	3.3% 7	2.7% 14	2.8% 24	0.0% 0	3.1% 788
No pre-interview; form II (1972); abbrev. interview form (1980)	5.6% 1197	5.1% 147	4.2% 9	3.6% 19	2.5% 21	0.0% 0	5.4% 1393
TOTAL	100.0% 21335	100.0% 2861	100.0% 212	100.0% 521	100.0% 847	100.0% 53	25829

Age (I-AGE)

	17-24	25-34	35-44	45-54	55-64	65 and older	TOTAL
Zero negative mentions (dislikes)	45.4% 1137	43.2% 2450	41.9% 2256	42.5% 1817	44.5% 1595	51.6% 2267	44.6% 11522
One negative mention (dislikes)	21.7% 544	22.1% 1252	21.9% 1182	21.2% 908	19.6% 705	17.9% 786	20.8% 5377
Two negative mentions (dislikes)	14.3% 359	14.2% 804	14.9% 801	14.9% 638	14.2% 511	12.8% 562	14.2% 3675
Three negative mentions (dislikes)	5.8% 145	8.2% 464	9.2% 495	9.2% 394	8.4% 302	6.9% 304	8.1% 2104
Four negative mentions (dislikes)	2.6% 65	3.7% 212	4.4% 235	4.2% 178	3.6% 130	3.4% 150	3.8% 970
Five negative mentions (dislikes)	1.8% 46	3.1% 176	3.4% 184	3.2% 136	3.8% 136	2.5% 112	3.1% 790
No pre-interview; form II (1972); abbrev. interview form (1980)	8.3% 207	5.6% 316	4.3% 234	4.9% 208	5.8% 209	4.9% 216	5.4% 1390
TOTAL	100.0% 2503	100.0% 5674	100.0% 5387	100.0% 4279	100.0% 3588	100.0% 4397	25828

Education (I-EDUC)

	Grade school or less (0-8 grades)	High school (12 grades or fewer)	Some college (13 grades or more but no degree)	College or advanced degree	TOTAL
Zero negative mentions (dislikes)	65.1% 2802	48.2% 5788	34.7% 1744	26.2% 1158	44.6% 11492
One negative mention (dislikes)	14.9% 643	21.0% 2523	24.1% 1214	22.1% 977	20.8% 5357
Two negative mentions (dislikes)	8.2% 354	13.0% 1563	17.2% 865	20.0% 887	14.2% 3669
Three negative mentions (dislikes)	3.3% 140	6.9% 826	10.1% 510	14.1% 625	8.2% 2101
Four negative mentions (dislikes)	1.5% 63	3.0% 363	5.0% 249	6.8% 301	3.8% 976
Five negative mentions (dislikes)	0.8% 35	2.0% 235	4.3% 216	6.8% 300	3.0% 786
No pre-interview; form II (1972); abbrev. interview form (1980)	6.2% 266	6.0% 716	4.6% 232	4.1% 180	5.4% 1394
TOTAL	100.0% 4303	100.0% 12014	100.0% 5030	100.0% 4428	25775

Religion (I-RELIGION)

	Protestant	Catholic	Jewish	Other and none (also includes don't know preference)	TOTAL
Zero negative mentions (dislikes)	43.7% 7327	46.0% 2788	46.7% 301	46.3% 1036	44.5% 11452
One negative mention (dislikes)	20.8% 3481	21.6% 1309	19.1% 123	19.5% 437	20.8% 5350
Two negative mentions (dislikes)	14.7% 2458	12.6% 765	15.7% 101	15.1% 337	14.2% 3661
Three negative mentions (dislikes)	8.3% 1399	7.5% 452	7.8% 50	8.7% 194	8.1% 2095
Four negative mentions (dislikes)	3.9% 653	3.5% 210	3.6% 23	4.1% 91	3.8% 977
Five negative mentions (dislikes)	3.0% 501	3.2% 193	2.2% 14	3.4% 76	3.0% 784
No pre-interview; form II (1972); abbrev. interview form (1980)	5.7% 952	5.6% 341	5.1% 33	3.0% 68	5.4% 1394
TOTAL	100.0% 16771	100.0% 6058	100.0% 645	100.0% 2239	25713

Church attendance (I-ATTEND)

	Every week	Almost every week (no cases in 1970)	Once or twice a month	A few times a year	Never	No religious preference (1970-1988)	TOTAL
Zero negative mentions (dislikes)	38.4% 1765	38.9% 805	47.5% 1161	39.6% 1704	46.6% 1745	38.3% 284	41.7% 7464
One negative mention (dislikes)	19.7% 906	20.3% 420	19.8% 483	19.3% 828	19.5% 730	19.9% 148	19.6% 3515
Two negative mentions (dislikes)	14.6% 672	17.0% 352	12.0% 294	15.3% 658	13.2% 494	17.3% 128	14.5% 2598
Three negative mentions (dislikes)	9.4% 433	8.4% 174	7.9% 194	8.8% 378	8.7% 325	10.1% 75	8.8% 1579
Four negative mentions (dislikes)	5.2% 241	4.5% 94	3.0% 73	3.5% 151	3.9% 147	3.9% 29	4.1% 735
Five negative mentions (dislikes)	4.7% 217	3.3% 68	3.1% 76	3.4% 147	2.8% 104	3.5% 26	3.6% 638
No pre-interview; form II (1972); abbrev. interview form (1980)	7.9% 365	7.6% 158	6.6% 161	10.1% 435	5.3% 199	7.0% 52	7.7% 1370
TOTAL	100.0% 4599	100.0% 2071	100.0% 2442	100.0% 4301	100.0% 3744	100.0% 742	17899