American National Election Studies, Cumulative Data File, 1948-2004

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VCF0111 Urbanism   0) NA; telephone (RDD) sample (2000)   1) Central cities   2) Suburban areas   3) Rural, small towns, outlying and adjacent areas

Pie Chart Bar Chart Cumulative Bar Chart

Category	Frequency	Percentage	Cumulative Percentage	Z-Score
NA; telephone (RDD) sample (2000)	801	1.8%	1.8%	-2.48
Central cities	11479	26.1%	27.9%	-1.28
Suburban areas	15586	35.4%	63.3%	-.09
Rural, small towns, outlying and adjacent areas	16187	36.7%	100%	1.11

Variable Comparisons

Gender Race Age Education Religion Church attendance

Gender (I-GENDER)

	Male	Female	TOTAL
NA; telephone (RDD) sample (2000)	1.7% 341	1.9% 460	1.8% 801
Central cities	25.8% 5034	26.2% 6417	26.1% 11451
Suburban areas	35.8% 6983	35.0% 8571	35.4% 15554
Rural, small towns, outlying and adjacent areas	36.6% 7128	36.9% 9019	36.7% 16147
TOTAL	100.0% 19486	100.0% 24467	43953

Race (I-RACE)

	White	Black	Asian	Native American	Hispanic	Other	TOTAL
NA; telephone (RDD) sample (2000)	1.7% 616	1.7% 79	7.8% 24	3.5% 26	3.2% 42	0.0% 0	1.8% 787
Central cities	22.0% 8044	53.5% 2551	29.9% 92	16.2% 121	39.7% 520	58.8% 70	26.1% 11398
Suburban areas	37.3% 13597	20.2% 961	51.6% 159	30.6% 229	38.5% 504	19.3% 23	35.4% 15473
Rural, small towns, outlying and adjacent areas	39.0% 14243	24.6% 1173	10.7% 33	49.8% 373	18.6% 244	21.8% 26	36.8% 16092
TOTAL	100.0% 36500	100.0% 4764	100.0% 308	100.0% 749	100.0% 1310	100.0% 119	43750

Age (I-AGE)

	17-24	25-34	35-44	45-54	55-64	65 and older	TOTAL
NA; telephone (RDD) sample (2000)	1.3% 54	1.3% 127	2.2% 200	2.3% 164	2.1% 123	1.7% 126	1.8% 794
Central cities	30.1% 1299	27.5% 2664	24.8% 2265	24.8% 1777	25.9% 1548	24.5% 1825	26.0% 11378
Suburban areas	33.6% 1448	37.0% 3586	38.6% 3531	36.6% 2621	33.4% 1994	31.0% 2309	35.4% 15489
Rural, small towns, outlying and adjacent areas	35.1% 1514	34.2% 3316	34.4% 3151	36.3% 2602	38.6% 2306	42.8% 3194	36.8% 16083
TOTAL	100.0% 4315	100.0% 9693	100.0% 9147	100.0% 7164	100.0% 5971	100.0% 7454	43744

Education (I-EDUC)

	Grade school or less (0-8 grades)	High school (12 grades or fewer)	Some college (13 grades or more but no degree)	College or advanced degree	TOTAL
NA; telephone (RDD) sample (2000)	0.3% 24	1.3% 261	3.0% 244	3.7% 268	1.8% 797
Central cities	24.1% 1800	25.6% 5315	26.7% 2197	28.2% 2019	26.0% 11331
Suburban areas	23.1% 1727	35.0% 7244	41.0% 3374	43.0% 3082	35.4% 15427
Rural, small towns, outlying and adjacent areas	52.4% 3914	38.1% 7904	29.4% 2424	25.1% 1803	36.8% 16045
TOTAL	100.0% 7465	100.0% 20724	100.0% 8239	100.0% 7172	43600

Religion (I-RELIGION)

	Protestant	Catholic	Jewish	Other and none (also includes don't know preference)	TOTAL
NA; telephone (RDD) sample (2000)	1.5% 442	2.0% 203	1.5% 16	3.4% 126	1.8% 787
Central cities	22.7% 6489	30.5% 3094	55.0% 590	31.3% 1167	26.0% 11340
Suburban areas	32.0% 9161	44.4% 4500	35.4% 380	37.1% 1386	35.4% 15427
Rural, small towns, outlying and adjacent areas	43.8% 12553	23.1% 2340	8.1% 87	28.2% 1052	36.8% 16032
TOTAL	100.0% 28645	100.0% 10137	100.0% 1073	100.0% 3731	43586

Church attendance (I-ATTEND)

	Every week	Almost every week (no cases in 1970)	Once or twice a month	A few times a year	Never	No religious preference (1970-1988)	TOTAL
NA; telephone (RDD) sample (2000)	2.7% 224	2.8% 93	2.8% 114	1.6% 118	4.0% 242	0.0% 0	2.6% 791
Central cities	23.3% 1912	23.7% 795	27.8% 1139	26.5% 1977	24.5% 1483	31.5% 440	25.4% 7746
Suburban areas	37.7% 3091	36.0% 1208	32.9% 1344	38.9% 2894	39.8% 2407	39.5% 551	37.6% 11495
Rural, small towns, outlying and adjacent areas	36.2% 2966	37.5% 1259	36.5% 1493	33.0% 2459	31.7% 1920	29.0% 404	34.4% 10501
TOTAL	100.0% 8193	100.0% 3355	100.0% 4090	100.0% 7448	100.0% 6052	100.0% 1395	30533