The Association of Religion Data Archives | Data Archive | American National Election Studies, Cumulative Data File, 1948-2004

American National Election Studies, Cumulative Data File, 1948-2004

Data Archive > U.S. Surveys > General Population > National > National Election Studies > Analysis

VCF0118

We'd like to know if you are working now, temporarily laid off, or are you unemployed, retired, permanently disabled, (a homemaker), (a student), or what? (STUDENT OR HOMEMAKER:) Are you doing any work for pay at the present time? (RETIRED:) Are you doing any work for pay at the present time? (DISABLED:) Are you doing any work for pay at the present time? (STUDENT OR HOMEMAKER:) About how many hours do you work on your job in the average week? (RETIRED OR DISABLED, AND R ANSWERED WORKING FOR PAY:) About how many hours do you work on your job in the average week? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings)

	1) Employed
	2) Not employed: laid off, unemployed, on strike, permanently disabled, other (Exc.: retired, student, housewife)
	3) Retired
	4) Homemaker (since 1972: not working 20 or more hrs/wk; 1968-1970: if identifies self as "housewife"; 1956-1964: not working at all; 1952: not working full time)
	5) Student (since 1972: not working 20 or more hrs/wk; 1970: if identifies self as "student"; 1968: if identifies self as student -- unless working full time days [coded "employed"]; 1956-1964: full or part time day student, working or not; 1952: not employed full time)
	9) DK/NA/No Pre IW

Category	Frequency	Percentage	Cumulative Percentage	Z-Score
Employed	25469	59.4%	59.4%	-.71
Not employed: laid off, unemployed, on strike, permanently disabled, other (Exc.: retired, student, housewife)	2723	6.3%	65.7%	-.02
Retired	5572	13%	78.7%	.67
Homemaker (since 1972: not working 20 or more hrs/wk; 1968-1970: if identifies self as "housewife"; 1956-1964: not working at all; 1952: not working full time)	7715	18%	96.7%	1.37
Student (since 1972: not working 20 or more hrs/wk; 1970: if identifies self as "student"; 1968: if identifies self as student -- unless working full time days [coded "employed"]; 1956-1964: full or part time day student, working or not; 1952: not employed full time)	1064	2.5%	99.2%	2.06
DK/NA/No Pre IW	358	.8%	100%	4.84

Variable Comparisons

Gender (I-GENDER)

	Male	Female	TOTAL
Employed	75.7% 14376	46.6% 11093	59.5% 25469
Not employed: laid off, unemployed, on strike, permanently disabled, other (Exc.: retired, student, housewife)	6.2% 1172	6.5% 1551	6.4% 2723
Retired	14.7% 2796	11.7% 2776	13.0% 5572
Homemaker (since 1972: not working 20 or more hrs/wk; 1968-1970: if identifies self as "housewife"; 1956-1964: not working at all; 1952: not working full time)	0.2% 45	32.2% 7670	18.0% 7715
Student (since 1972: not working 20 or more hrs/wk; 1970: if identifies self as "student"; 1968: if identifies self as student -- unless working full time days [coded "employed"]; 1956-1964: full or part time day student, working or not; 1952: not employed full time)	2.6% 495	2.4% 569	2.5% 1064
DK/NA/No Pre IW	0.6% 114	0.6% 144	0.6% 258
TOTAL	100.0% 18998	100.0% 23803	42801

Race (I-RACE)

	White	Black	Asian	Native American	Hispanic	Other	TOTAL
Employed	59.2% 20763	59.0% 2789	76.7% 283	63.2% 513	62.6% 922	61.5% 67	59.5% 25337
Not employed: laid off, unemployed, on strike, permanently disabled, other (Exc.: retired, student, housewife)	4.8% 1702	14.8% 698	4.1% 15	13.4% 109	12.2% 180	2.8% 3	6.4% 2707
Retired	13.8% 4860	11.0% 518	4.3% 16	7.5% 61	5.8% 86	3.7% 4	13.0% 5545
Homemaker (since 1972: not working 20 or more hrs/wk; 1968-1970: if identifies self as "housewife"; 1956-1964: not working at all; 1952: not working full time)	19.4% 6798	11.3% 535	7.0% 26	13.1% 106	13.8% 203	27.5% 30	18.1% 7698
Student (since 1972: not working 20 or more hrs/wk; 1970: if identifies self as "student"; 1968: if identifies self as student -- unless working full time days [coded "employed"]; 1956-1964: full or part time day student, working or not; 1952: not employed full time)	2.3% 793	3.1% 148	6.8% 25	2.5% 20	4.7% 70	2.8% 3	2.5% 1059
DK/NA/No Pre IW	0.5% 186	0.8% 36	1.1% 4	0.4% 3	0.9% 13	1.8% 2	0.6% 244
TOTAL	100.0% 35102	100.0% 4724	100.0% 369	100.0% 812	100.0% 1474	100.0% 109	42590

Age (I-AGE)

	17-24	25-34	35-44	45-54	55-64	65 and older	TOTAL
Employed	63.3% 2672	70.9% 6591	75.8% 6728	74.0% 5132	56.2% 3324	12.8% 945	59.6% 25392
Not employed: laid off, unemployed, on strike, permanently disabled, other (Exc.: retired, student, housewife)	9.0% 379	6.3% 585	6.0% 529	6.7% 462	9.0% 534	3.1% 226	6.4% 2715
Retired	0.1% 5	0.1% 8	0.3% 27	1.9% 135	15.1% 893	60.7% 4470	13.0% 5538
Homemaker (since 1972: not working 20 or more hrs/wk; 1968-1970: if identifies self as "housewife"; 1956-1964: not working at all; 1952: not working full time)	13.6% 573	20.2% 1874	16.6% 1473	16.2% 1126	18.1% 1068	21.0% 1550	18.0% 7664
Student (since 1972: not working 20 or more hrs/wk; 1970: if identifies self as "student"; 1968: if identifies self as student -- unless working full time days [coded "employed"]; 1956-1964: full or part time day student, working or not; 1952: not employed full time)	13.6% 576	2.1% 198	0.6% 52	0.5% 34	0.9% 55	2.0% 145	2.5% 1060
DK/NA/No Pre IW	0.4% 18	0.4% 34	0.8% 68	0.6% 45	0.7% 39	0.4% 33	0.6% 237
TOTAL	100.0% 4223	100.0% 9290	100.0% 8877	100.0% 6934	100.0% 5913	100.0% 7369	42606

Education (I-EDUC)

	Grade school or less (0-8 grades)	High school (12 grades or fewer)	Some college (13 grades or more but no degree)	College or advanced degree	TOTAL
Employed	39.2% 2516	57.1% 11289	66.5% 5704	75.6% 5802	59.6% 25311
Not employed: laid off, unemployed, on strike, permanently disabled, other (Exc.: retired, student, housewife)	8.3% 533	7.6% 1511	5.1% 435	3.0% 228	6.4% 2707
Retired	25.6% 1641	11.5% 2277	9.3% 796	10.1% 777	12.9% 5491
Homemaker (since 1972: not working 20 or more hrs/wk; 1968-1970: if identifies self as "housewife"; 1956-1964: not working at all; 1952: not working full time)	26.3% 1687	21.8% 4317	12.1% 1037	8.2% 630	18.1% 7671
Student (since 1972: not working 20 or more hrs/wk; 1970: if identifies self as "student"; 1968: if identifies self as student -- unless working full time days [coded "employed"]; 1956-1964: full or part time day student, working or not; 1952: not employed full time)	0.3% 22	1.5% 291	6.5% 556	2.4% 184	2.5% 1053
DK/NA/No Pre IW	0.3% 19	0.5% 89	0.6% 52	0.8% 58	0.5% 218
TOTAL	100.0% 6418	100.0% 19774	100.0% 8580	100.0% 7679	42451

Religion (I-RELIGION)

	Protestant	Catholic	Jewish	Other and none (also includes don't know preference)	TOTAL
Employed	57.8% 15801	61.1% 6133	59.7% 610	67.8% 2723	59.6% 25267
Not employed: laid off, unemployed, on strike, permanently disabled, other (Exc.: retired, student, housewife)	6.5% 1773	5.6% 563	3.0% 31	8.5% 341	6.4% 2708
Retired	13.7% 3745	12.3% 1238	13.6% 139	9.9% 396	13.0% 5518
Homemaker (since 1972: not working 20 or more hrs/wk; 1968-1970: if identifies self as "housewife"; 1956-1964: not working at all; 1952: not working full time)	19.5% 5329	17.9% 1792	19.2% 196	8.6% 345	18.1% 7662
Student (since 1972: not working 20 or more hrs/wk; 1970: if identifies self as "student"; 1968: if identifies self as student -- unless working full time days [coded "employed"]; 1956-1964: full or part time day student, working or not; 1952: not employed full time)	2.1% 575	2.5% 255	3.8% 39	4.5% 182	2.5% 1051
DK/NA/No Pre IW	0.5% 125	0.5% 51	0.7% 7	0.7% 28	0.5% 211
TOTAL	100.0% 27348	100.0% 10032	100.0% 1022	100.0% 4015	42417

Church attendance (I-ATTEND)

	Every week	Almost every week (no cases in 1970)	Once or twice a month	A few times a year	Never	No religious preference (1970-1988)	TOTAL
Employed	53.0% 4690	61.5% 2276	63.3% 2841	64.5% 5024	60.8% 4168	69.0% 963	60.3% 19962
Not employed: laid off, unemployed, on strike, permanently disabled, other (Exc.: retired, student, housewife)	5.4% 482	6.1% 227	8.9% 400	8.1% 631	9.5% 650	9.7% 136	7.6% 2526
Retired	19.0% 1679	14.0% 519	10.6% 478	11.4% 888	14.7% 1006	8.3% 116	14.2% 4686
Homemaker (since 1972: not working 20 or more hrs/wk; 1968-1970: if identifies self as "housewife"; 1956-1964: not working at all; 1952: not working full time)	19.4% 1721	14.9% 553	13.0% 585	13.2% 1030	11.0% 752	8.2% 115	14.4% 4756
Student (since 1972: not working 20 or more hrs/wk; 1970: if identifies self as "student"; 1968: if identifies self as student -- unless working full time days [coded "employed"]; 1956-1964: full or part time day student, working or not; 1952: not employed full time)	2.7% 236	2.9% 109	3.6% 162	2.6% 203	3.3% 223	4.6% 64	3.0% 997
DK/NA/No Pre IW	0.5% 42	0.5% 18	0.6% 25	0.2% 18	0.8% 56	0.1% 1	0.5% 160
TOTAL	100.0% 8850	100.0% 3702	100.0% 4491	100.0% 7794	100.0% 6855	100.0% 1395	33087