Presbyterian Panel Survey, November 2000, Racism and Racial Justice, Member

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IMMVIEW3 Which comes closer to your view?   1) Immigrants mostly help the economy by providing low-cost labor   2) Immigrants mostly hurt the economy by driving wages down for many Americans   3) Not sure

Pie Chart Bar Chart Cumulative Bar Chart

Category	Frequency	Percentage	Cumulative Percentage	Z-Score
Immigrants mostly help the economy by providing low-cost labor	263	49.3%	49.3%	-.97
Immigrants mostly hurt the economy by driving wages down for many Americans	51	9.6%	58.8%	.09
Not sure	220	41.2%	100%	1.14

Variable Comparisons

Age Gender Race Marital status Political party Household income

Age (I-AGE)

	Less than 40	40-49	50-64	65+	TOTAL
Immigrants mostly help the economy by providing low-cost labor	33.8% 24	45.7% 42	58.4% 94	48.8% 100	49.1% 260
Immigrants mostly hurt the economy by driving wages down for many Americans	11.3% 8	14.1% 13	5.6% 9	10.2% 21	9.6% 51
Not sure	54.9% 39	40.2% 37	36.0% 58	41.0% 84	41.2% 218
TOTAL	100.0% 71	100.0% 92	100.0% 161	100.0% 205	529

Gender (I-GENDER)

	Female	Male	TOTAL
Immigrants mostly help the economy by providing low-cost labor	40.1% 130	63.1% 130	49.1% 260
Immigrants mostly hurt the economy by driving wages down for many Americans	11.4% 37	6.8% 14	9.6% 51
Not sure	48.5% 157	30.1% 62	41.3% 219
TOTAL	100.0% 324	100.0% 206	530

Race (I-RACE)

	White	African American	Asian	Hispanic	Some other race	TOTAL
Immigrants mostly help the economy by providing low-cost labor	49.7% 256	33.3% 2	40.0% 2	33.3% 1	0.0% 0	49.2% 261
Immigrants mostly hurt the economy by driving wages down for many Americans	9.5% 49	16.7% 1	0.0% 0	33.3% 1	0.0% 0	9.6% 51
Not sure	40.8% 210	50.0% 3	60.0% 3	33.3% 1	100.0% 1	41.1% 218
TOTAL	100.0% 515	100.0% 6	100.0% 5	100.0% 3	100.0% 1	530

Marital status (I-MARITAL)

	Married	Not married	TOTAL
Immigrants mostly help the economy by providing low-cost labor	50.2% 204	46.1% 53	49.3% 257
Immigrants mostly hurt the economy by driving wages down for many Americans	8.6% 35	13.0% 15	9.6% 50
Not sure	41.1% 167	40.9% 47	41.1% 214
TOTAL	100.0% 406	100.0% 115	521

Political party (I-PARTYID)

	Democrat	Independent	Republican	Other	Libertarian	TOTAL
Immigrants mostly help the economy by providing low-cost labor	52.6% 72	37.2% 35	51.8% 145	53.8% 7	0.00% 0	49.4% 259
Immigrants mostly hurt the economy by driving wages down for many Americans	11.7% 16	6.4% 6	9.3% 26	15.4% 2	0.00% 0	9.5% 50
Not sure	35.8% 49	56.4% 53	38.9% 109	30.8% 4	0.00% 0	41.0% 215
TOTAL	100.0% 137	100.0% 94	100.0% 280	100.0% 13	100.0% 0	524

Household income (I-INCOME)

	Less than 20,000	$20K-49,999	$50K-99,999	$100K+	TOTAL
Immigrants mostly help the economy by providing low-cost labor	32.6% 14	43.1% 62	54.1% 100	58.8% 67	50.0% 243
Immigrants mostly hurt the economy by driving wages down for many Americans	23.3% 10	10.4% 15	8.6% 16	2.6% 3	9.1% 44
Not sure	44.2% 19	46.5% 67	37.3% 69	38.6% 44	40.9% 199
TOTAL	100.0% 43	100.0% 144	100.0% 185	100.0% 114	486