Presbyterian Panel Study, Feb 1999 - Language and God, Clergy

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HEINCLUD When a pastor or worship leader refers to God as "He," does that male term make you feel more included or less included in the worship experience?   1) More included   2) Neither more included nor less included   3) Less included   4) Don't know   5) Never thought about it

Pie Chart Bar Chart Cumulative Bar Chart

Category	Frequency	Percentage	Cumulative Percentage	Z-Score
More included	49	4.1%	4.1%	-1.84
Neither more included nor less included	815	68.7%	72.8%	-.43
Less included	268	22.6%	95.4%	.97
Don't know	20	1.7%	97.1%	2.38
Never thought about it	35	2.9%	100%	3.79

Variable Comparisons

Gender Marital status Region Political party Family income Race Age

Gender (I-GENDER)

	Female	Male	TOTAL
More included	0.8% 2	5.0% 47	4.1% 49
Neither more included nor less included	40.7% 100	76.0% 714	68.6% 814
Less included	58.1% 143	13.3% 125	22.6% 268
Don't know	0.4% 1	2.0% 19	1.7% 20
Never thought about it	0.0% 0	3.7% 35	3.0% 35
TOTAL	100.0% 246	100.0% 940	1186

Marital status (I-MARITAL)

	Married	Not married	TOTAL
More included	4.2% 43	2.7% 4	4.0% 47
Neither more included nor less included	71.0% 733	52.7% 78	68.7% 811
Less included	20.1% 208	40.5% 60	22.7% 268
Don't know	1.7% 18	1.4% 2	1.7% 20
Never thought about it	3.0% 31	2.7% 4	3.0% 35
TOTAL	100.0% 1033	100.0% 148	1181

Region (I-REGION)

	Northeast	Midwest	South	West	TOTAL
More included	3.4% 8	3.6% 12	4.3% 19	5.0% 9	4.1% 48
Neither more included nor less included	71.6% 166	68.9% 228	70.3% 310	60.3% 108	68.6% 812
Less included	21.1% 49	23.6% 78	21.3% 94	26.3% 47	22.7% 268
Don't know	1.7% 4	1.2% 4	1.1% 5	3.9% 7	1.7% 20
Never thought about it	2.2% 5	2.7% 9	2.9% 13	4.5% 8	3.0% 35
TOTAL	100.0% 232	100.0% 331	100.0% 441	100.0% 179	1183

Political party (I-POLITAFF)

	Democrat	Independent	Republican	Other	TOTAL
More included	2.4% 17	3.0% 6	9.0% 24	13.3% 2	4.2% 49
Neither more included nor less included	61.7% 428	76.6% 154	82.3% 219	53.3% 8	68.8% 809
Less included	32.0% 222	15.9% 32	3.4% 9	20.0% 3	22.6% 266
Don't know	1.9% 13	2.0% 4	0.8% 2	0.0% 0	1.6% 19
Never thought about it	2.0% 14	2.5% 5	4.5% 12	13.3% 2	2.8% 33
TOTAL	100.0% 694	100.0% 201	100.0% 266	100.0% 15	1176

Family income (I-FAMINCOM)

	<20K	20K-49,999	50K-99,999	100K+	TOTAL
More included	15.6% 5	4.5% 20	3.1% 18	5.0% 6	4.2% 49
Neither more included nor less included	50.0% 16	69.6% 311	69.5% 404	64.7% 77	68.5% 808
Less included	18.8% 6	21.5% 96	22.9% 133	26.9% 32	22.6% 267
Don't know	3.1% 1	1.3% 6	1.9% 11	1.7% 2	1.7% 20
Never thought about it	12.5% 4	3.1% 14	2.6% 15	1.7% 2	3.0% 35
TOTAL	100.0% 32	100.0% 447	100.0% 581	100.0% 119	1179

Race (I-RACE1)

	White	Other	TOTAL
More included	3.9% 44	9.6% 5	4.2% 49
Neither more included nor less included	69.1% 779	61.5% 32	68.7% 811
Less included	23.0% 259	11.5% 6	22.5% 265
Don't know	1.4% 16	7.7% 4	1.7% 20
Never thought about it	2.7% 30	9.6% 5	3.0% 35
TOTAL	100.0% 1128	100.0% 52	1180

Age (I-AGE)

	<40	40-49	50-64	65+	TOTAL
More included	1.7% 3	4.1% 16	3.3% 17	12.0% 11	4.0% 47
Neither more included nor less included	68.8% 119	68.2% 266	68.4% 351	73.9% 68	68.8% 804
Less included	27.2% 47	24.1% 94	21.8% 112	10.9% 10	22.5% 263
Don't know	0.6% 1	1.8% 7	2.1% 11	0.0% 0	1.6% 19
Never thought about it	1.7% 3	1.8% 7	4.3% 22	3.3% 3	3.0% 35
TOTAL	100.0% 173	100.0% 390	100.0% 513	100.0% 92	1168