Taiwan Social Change Survey, 1999

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SPIRITWA The following sayings are found in our society concerning the spirits. Do you believe in them? Spirits that are not offered any worship will wander around.   1) Yes, very much   2) Yes, somewhat   3) No, not really   4) No, not at all   7) Don't know or forgot   8) Don't understand   9) Refuse

Pie Chart Bar Chart Cumulative Bar Chart

Category	Frequency	Percentage	Cumulative Percentage	Z-Score
Yes, very much	304	15.8%	15.8%	-1.07
Yes, somewhat	684	35.5%	51.3%	-.57
No, not really	409	21.2%	72.6%	-.07
No, not at all	191	9.9%	82.5%	.43
Don't know or forgot	322	16.7%	99.2%	1.93
Don't understand	5	.3%	99.5%	2.43
Refuse	10	.5%	100%	2.93

Variable Comparisons

Age Education Gender Household income Marital status Religion

Age (I-AGE)

	22-30	31-40	41-45	46-50	51-60	61-68	TOTAL
Yes, very much	19.2% 37	17.9% 52	16.4% 47	13.4% 39	13.8% 72	16.8% 57	15.8% 304
Yes, somewhat	28.0% 54	29.9% 87	27.9% 80	34.6% 101	39.7% 207	45.6% 155	35.5% 684
No, not really	17.1% 33	17.9% 52	23.3% 67	24.7% 72	22.0% 115	20.6% 70	21.2% 409
No, not at all	9.3% 18	12.7% 37	11.1% 32	11.0% 32	10.3% 54	5.3% 18	9.9% 191
Don't know or forgot	25.9% 50	20.6% 60	20.6% 59	15.4% 45	13.2% 69	11.5% 39	16.7% 322
Don't understand	0.0% 0	0.7% 2	0.3% 1	0.0% 0	0.4% 2	0.0% 0	0.3% 5
Refuse	0.5% 1	0.3% 1	0.3% 1	1.0% 3	0.6% 3	0.3% 1	0.5% 10
TOTAL	100.0% 193	100.0% 291	100.0% 287	100.0% 292	100.0% 522	100.0% 340	1925

Education (I-EDUC)

	None, self-study or Elementary	Junior high school (including vocational)	High school (HS)	Vocational HS (or cadet)	Junior college (of any kind)	College or Grad school	TOTAL
Yes, very much	17.8% 78	16.3% 46	16.1% 39	15.4% 56	18.9% 57	8.4% 24	15.7% 300
Yes, somewhat	31.6% 138	34.8% 98	40.9% 99	39.6% 144	36.9% 111	32.1% 92	35.7% 682
No, not really	14.9% 65	20.9% 59	18.6% 45	21.2% 77	21.6% 65	33.4% 96	21.3% 407
No, not at all	9.6% 42	7.8% 22	8.3% 20	9.6% 35	10.0% 30	14.3% 41	9.9% 190
Don't know or forgot	25.2% 110	19.9% 56	15.3% 37	14.0% 51	11.3% 34	10.8% 31	16.7% 319
Don't understand	0.2% 1	0.0% 0	0.4% 1	0.3% 1	0.3% 1	0.3% 1	0.3% 5
Refuse	0.7% 3	0.4% 1	0.4% 1	0.0% 0	1.0% 3	0.7% 2	0.5% 10
TOTAL	100.0% 437	100.0% 282	100.0% 242	100.0% 364	100.0% 301	100.0% 287	1913

Gender (I-GENDER)

	Male	Female	TOTAL
Yes, very much	14.9% 143	16.7% 161	15.8% 304
Yes, somewhat	32.5% 313	38.5% 371	35.5% 684
No, not really	23.9% 230	18.6% 179	21.2% 409
No, not at all	12.6% 121	7.3% 70	9.9% 191
Don't know or forgot	15.6% 150	17.9% 172	16.7% 322
Don't understand	0.1% 1	0.4% 4	0.3% 5
Refuse	0.4% 4	0.6% 6	0.5% 10
TOTAL	100.0% 962	100.0% 963	1925

Household income (I-INCOME)

	NT$20,001 or less	NT$30,001-40,000	NT$40,001-60,000	NT$60,001-80,000	NT$80,001-120,000	More than NT$120,000	TOTAL
Yes, very much	16.2% 52	15.2% 39	15.2% 63	15.2% 38	13.8% 45	16.1% 32	15.2% 269
Yes, somewhat	30.2% 97	36.3% 93	35.7% 148	40.4% 101	37.1% 121	36.2% 72	35.8% 632
No, not really	16.2% 52	21.1% 54	20.5% 85	23.2% 58	27.9% 91	22.1% 44	21.7% 384
No, not at all	12.8% 41	8.6% 22	10.6% 44	9.6% 24	8.0% 26	12.1% 24	10.2% 181
Don't know or forgot	23.1% 74	18.8% 48	17.1% 71	10.8% 27	12.9% 42	13.1% 26	16.3% 288
Don't understand	0.9% 3	0.0% 0	0.5% 2	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.3% 5
Refuse	0.6% 2	0.0% 0	0.2% 1	0.8% 2	0.3% 1	0.5% 1	0.4% 7
TOTAL	100.0% 321	100.0% 256	100.0% 414	100.0% 250	100.0% 326	100.0% 199	1766

Marital status (I-MARITAL)

	Unmarried	Married	Other (please specify)	TOTAL
Yes, very much	15.6% 73	15.9% 230	0.00% 0	15.8% 303
Yes, somewhat	40.5% 190	33.9% 492	0.00% 0	35.5% 682
No, not really	22.2% 104	20.9% 303	0.00% 0	21.2% 407
No, not at all	8.5% 40	10.3% 150	0.00% 0	9.9% 190
Don't know or forgot	12.2% 57	18.3% 265	0.00% 0	16.8% 322
Don't understand	0.2% 1	0.3% 4	0.00% 0	0.3% 5
Refuse	0.9% 4	0.4% 6	0.00% 0	0.5% 10
TOTAL	100.0% 469	100.0% 1450	100.0% 0	1919

Religion (I-RELIGION)

	"I have no religious belief"	Folk religion of any kind	Buddhism (any sect)	Taoism	Christian (includes Cath and Prot)	All other religions (including mixes of religions)	TOTAL
Yes, very much	7.6% 20	13.1% 84	23.5% 119	15.5% 38	8.6% 12	23.3% 30	15.7% 303
Yes, somewhat	34.4% 90	37.2% 239	37.2% 188	42.0% 103	11.5% 16	37.2% 48	35.6% 684
No, not really	24.8% 65	23.6% 152	16.8% 85	18.8% 46	29.5% 41	15.5% 20	21.3% 409
No, not at all	18.7% 49	5.6% 36	6.3% 32	5.3% 13	38.1% 53	6.2% 8	9.9% 191
Don't know or forgot	13.7% 36	19.9% 128	15.2% 77	18.0% 44	10.8% 15	17.1% 22	16.7% 322
Don't understand	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.6% 3	0.0% 0	0.7% 1	0.8% 1	0.3% 5
Refuse	0.8% 2	0.6% 4	0.4% 2	0.4% 1	0.7% 1	0.0% 0	0.5% 10
TOTAL	100.0% 262	100.0% 643	100.0% 506	100.0% 245	100.0% 139	100.0% 129	1924