Taiwan Social Change Survey, 1999

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QI_CULT The following sayings are found in our society concerning "qi." Do you believe in them? A person's qi can be strengthened through cultivation.   1) Yes, very much   2) Yes, somewhat   3) No, not really   4) No, not at all   7) Don't know or forgot   8) Don't understand   9) Refuse

Pie Chart Bar Chart Cumulative Bar Chart

Category	Frequency	Percentage	Cumulative Percentage	Z-Score
Yes, very much	443	23%	23%	-.93
Yes, somewhat	740	38.4%	61.5%	-.46
No, not really	281	14.6%	76.1%	.02
No, not at all	101	5.2%	81.3%	.49
Don't know or forgot	342	17.8%	99.1%	1.91
Don't understand	16	.8%	99.9%	2.39
Refuse	2	.1%	100%	2.86

Variable Comparisons

Age Education Gender Household income Marital status Religion

Age (I-AGE)

	22-30	31-40	41-45	46-50	51-60	61-68	TOTAL
Yes, very much	21.2% 41	23.0% 67	26.1% 75	24.7% 72	24.3% 127	17.9% 61	23.0% 443
Yes, somewhat	29.0% 56	30.9% 90	36.2% 104	40.4% 118	41.2% 215	46.2% 157	38.4% 740
No, not really	12.4% 24	13.7% 40	13.6% 39	10.6% 31	15.7% 82	19.1% 65	14.6% 281
No, not at all	6.2% 12	4.8% 14	7.3% 21	4.5% 13	5.2% 27	4.1% 14	5.2% 101
Don't know or forgot	28.5% 55	25.8% 75	15.7% 45	18.8% 55	13.4% 70	12.4% 42	17.8% 342
Don't understand	2.6% 5	1.7% 5	0.7% 2	0.7% 2	0.2% 1	0.3% 1	0.8% 16
Refuse	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.3% 1	0.3% 1	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.1% 2
TOTAL	100.0% 193	100.0% 291	100.0% 287	100.0% 292	100.0% 522	100.0% 340	1925

Education (I-EDUC)

	None, self-study or Elementary	Junior high school (including vocational)	High school (HS)	Vocational HS (or cadet)	Junior college (of any kind)	College or Grad school	TOTAL
Yes, very much	17.4% 76	18.1% 51	28.1% 68	23.1% 84	27.2% 82	27.9% 80	23.1% 441
Yes, somewhat	26.1% 114	37.9% 107	42.6% 103	39.6% 144	43.9% 132	46.7% 134	38.4% 734
No, not really	14.6% 64	14.5% 41	14.9% 36	15.9% 58	14.3% 43	13.2% 38	14.6% 280
No, not at all	8.0% 35	7.8% 22	2.9% 7	4.9% 18	3.0% 9	3.5% 10	5.3% 101
Don't know or forgot	31.6% 138	21.3% 60	10.7% 26	15.7% 57	11.3% 34	8.7% 25	17.8% 340
Don't understand	2.3% 10	0.4% 1	0.4% 1	0.5% 2	0.3% 1	0.0% 0	0.8% 15
Refuse	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.4% 1	0.3% 1	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.1% 2
TOTAL	100.0% 437	100.0% 282	100.0% 242	100.0% 364	100.0% 301	100.0% 287	1913

Gender (I-GENDER)

	Male	Female	TOTAL
Yes, very much	24.2% 233	21.8% 210	23.0% 443
Yes, somewhat	40.0% 385	36.9% 355	38.4% 740
No, not really	14.9% 143	14.3% 138	14.6% 281
No, not at all	5.5% 53	5.0% 48	5.2% 101
Don't know or forgot	15.0% 144	20.6% 198	17.8% 342
Don't understand	0.3% 3	1.3% 13	0.8% 16
Refuse	0.1% 1	0.1% 1	0.1% 2
TOTAL	100.0% 962	100.0% 963	1925

Household income (I-INCOME)

	NT$20,001 or less	NT$30,001-40,000	NT$40,001-60,000	NT$60,001-80,000	NT$80,001-120,000	More than NT$120,000	TOTAL
Yes, very much	20.9% 67	17.2% 44	22.2% 92	22.8% 57	26.4% 86	31.2% 62	23.1% 408
Yes, somewhat	26.2% 84	34.4% 88	40.6% 168	44.0% 110	44.5% 145	43.7% 87	38.6% 682
No, not really	14.3% 46	15.6% 40	13.8% 57	17.6% 44	16.0% 52	11.1% 22	14.8% 261
No, not at all	7.5% 24	6.6% 17	7.5% 31	2.4% 6	2.1% 7	4.0% 8	5.3% 93
Don't know or forgot	28.7% 92	25.0% 64	15.5% 64	13.2% 33	10.4% 34	9.5% 19	17.3% 306
Don't understand	2.5% 8	1.2% 3	0.2% 1	0.0% 0	0.6% 2	0.5% 1	0.8% 15
Refuse	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.2% 1	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.1% 1
TOTAL	100.0% 321	100.0% 256	100.0% 414	100.0% 250	100.0% 326	100.0% 199	1766

Marital status (I-MARITAL)

	Unmarried	Married	Other (please specify)	TOTAL
Yes, very much	23.0% 108	23.0% 333	0.00% 0	23.0% 441
Yes, somewhat	46.5% 218	35.8% 519	0.00% 0	38.4% 737
No, not really	16.8% 79	13.9% 202	0.00% 0	14.6% 281
No, not at all	3.6% 17	5.8% 84	0.00% 0	5.3% 101
Don't know or forgot	9.8% 46	20.3% 295	0.00% 0	17.8% 341
Don't understand	0.2% 1	1.0% 15	0.00% 0	0.8% 16
Refuse	0.0% 0	0.1% 2	0.00% 0	0.1% 2
TOTAL	100.0% 469	100.0% 1450	100.0% 0	1919

Religion (I-RELIGION)

	"I have no religious belief"	Folk religion of any kind	Buddhism (any sect)	Taoism	Christian (includes Cath and Prot)	All other religions (including mixes of religions)	TOTAL
Yes, very much	20.6% 54	15.7% 101	34.0% 172	23.3% 57	12.9% 18	31.8% 41	23.0% 443
Yes, somewhat	40.5% 106	39.2% 252	40.7% 206	38.8% 95	28.1% 39	31.8% 41	38.4% 739
No, not really	18.3% 48	18.0% 116	7.9% 40	15.1% 37	20.9% 29	8.5% 11	14.6% 281
No, not at all	5.3% 14	5.0% 32	2.8% 14	2.9% 7	21.6% 30	3.1% 4	5.2% 101
Don't know or forgot	14.5% 38	20.8% 134	14.2% 72	19.2% 47	15.8% 22	22.5% 29	17.8% 342
Don't understand	0.4% 1	1.1% 7	0.4% 2	0.8% 2	0.7% 1	2.3% 3	0.8% 16
Refuse	0.4% 1	0.2% 1	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.1% 2
TOTAL	100.0% 262	100.0% 643	100.0% 506	100.0% 245	100.0% 139	100.0% 129	1924