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Faith in Flux: Changes in Religious Affiliation in the U.S.

Data Archive > U.S. Surveys > General Population > National > Pew Research Center > Codebook


Percentages are weighted by 1) WEIGHT; Total Ns reported are unweighted
1) Weight variable recommended for use in all analyses (WEIGHT)
NMeanStd.Deviation
TOTAL286786.328115.727
2) Unique respondent identification number (PSRAID)
NMeanStd.Deviation
TOTAL286717000212.3511083908.78
3) Religion in which respondent was raised (from Religious Landscape Survey) (FRMREL2)
TOTAL%
1) Baptist 21.2
2) Methodist 9.3
3) Nondenominational Christian .9
4) Lutheran 8.2
5) Presbyterian 4.1
6) Pentecostal 3.9
7) Episcopalian 1.8
8) Church of Christ or Disciples of Christ 1.5
9) Congregationalist or United Church of Christ .6
10) Holiness Christian .4
11) Reformed Christian .2
12) Adventist .1
13) Anabaptist .4
15) Quaker or Friends .1
16) Evangelical or Fundamentalist Christian .1
18) Just Protestant 2.6
10000) Catholic 32.1
20000) Mormon 1.4
30000) Orthodox Christian 1
40001) Jehovah's Witness .7
50000) Jewish 2
60000) Muslim .4
70000) Buddhist .5
80000) Hindu 1.4
100001) Atheist .2
100002) Agnostic .1
100003) Unaffiliated with any particular religion 4.8
TOTAL2867100.0
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4) Respondent's current religion (from Religious Landscape Survey) (CURREL2)
TOTAL%
1) Baptist 17.2
2) Methodist 6.8
3) Nondenominational Christian 5.2
4) Lutheran 6
5) Presbyterian 3.4
6) Pentecostal 4.5
7) Episcopalian 1.8
8) Church of Christ or Disciples of Christ 2.3
9) Congregationalist or United Church of Christ .7
10) Holiness Christian 1.3
11) Reformed Christian .1
12) Adventist .3
13) Anabaptist .2
14) Pietist 0
15) Quaker or Friends .3
16) Evangelical or Fundamentalist Christian .6
18) Just Protestant 3
10000) Catholic 24.1
20000) Mormon 1.4
30000) Orthodox Christian .8
40001) Jehovah's Witness .7
50000) Jewish 1.9
60000) Muslim .5
70000) Buddhist 1
80000) Hindu 1.4
100001) Atheist 1.3
100002) Agnostic 2.2
100003) Unaffiliated with any particular religion 10.8
TOTAL2867100.0
[ Add to Question Bank | View Question Bank | View more questions about Denomination, Affiliation to ]
5) Distinguishes converts from non-converts. Converts are defined as those whose value in CURREL2 is different than their value in FRMREL2. Non-converts are defined as those who have the same value in both CURREL2 and FRMREL2. (CON11)
TOTAL%
0) Non-converts 59
1) Converts 41
TOTAL2867100.0
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6) This is the variable that defines the quota groups described in the 'Design and Data Collection Procedures' section above. These are not the groups that were analyzed in the Faith in Flux report. (GROUP)
TOTAL%
1) Group 1 - Raised Catholic, now unaffiliated 4.6
2) Group 2 - Raised Catholic, now affiliated with new religion 5.3
3) Group 3 - Raised in non-Catholic faith, now unaffiliated 7.4
4) Group 4 - Raised in non-Catholic faith, now affiliated with new religion 20.8
5) Group 5 - Raised unaffiliated, now affiliated with a religion 2.9
6) Group 6 - Non-converts, affiliated (i.e., raised affiliated, still in same faith) 56.8
7) Group 7 - Non-converts, unaffiliated (i.e., raised unaffiliated, still unaffiliated) 2.3
TOTAL2867100.0
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7) This is the variable that defines the religious groups upon which the reporting in Faith in Flux is based. The categories in FINALGRP consist mostly of subsets of the categories in GROUP. (FINALGRP)
TOTAL%
1) Raised Catholic, now unaffiliated 4.6
2) Raised Catholic, now Protestant 4.7
3) Raised Protestant, now unaffiliated 6.5
4) Raised Protestant, now part of new Protestant faith 18.4
5) Raised unaffiliated, now affiliated with a religion 2.9
6) Raised affiliated, still in same faith 56.8
7) Raised unaffiliated, still unaffiliated 2.3
8) Others 3.9
TOTAL2867100.0
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8) ASK ALL CONVERTS (CON11=1): About how old were you when you stopped being (FRMREL)? [INTERVIEWER: IF R SAYS THEY HAVE STOPPED BEING FRMREL MORE THAN ONCE, SPECIFY THAT THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS APPLY TO THE FIRST TIME THAT THEY STOPPED BEING FRMREL] (Q1)
TOTAL%
0) 0 .1
1) 1 .1
2) 2 .1
3) 3 .6
4) 4 .1
5) 5 .2
6) 6 .8
7) 7 .8
8) 8 .7
9) 9 .8
10) 10 4.4
11) 11 1.2
12) 12 4.6
13) 13 3.2
14) 14 3.6
15) 15 4.8
16) 16 5.1
17) 17 3.7
18) 18 7.5
19) 19 3.5
20) 20 5.5
21) 21 3.5
22) 22 2.7
23) 23 2.1
24) 24 2.3
25) 25 4.7
26) 26 1.5
27) 27 1.6
28) 28 1.3
29) 29 .1
30) 30 3.7
31) 31 .6
32) 32 .6
33) 33 .7
34) 34 .9
35) 35 2
36) 36 .1
37) 37 .5
38) 38 .5
39) 39 1
40) 40 1.8
41) 41 .1
42) 42 .3
43) 43 .1
44) 44 .1
45) 45 1.5
46) 46 .3
47) 47 .3
48) 48 0
49) 49 .4
50) 50 .6
51) 51 .3
53) 53 .1
54) 54 0
55) 55 0
56) 56 0
57) 57 0
58) 58 0
59) 59 .2
60) 60 .1
61) 61 .3
65) 65 .2
66) 66 0
67) 67 0
68) 68 0
69) 69 0
70) 70 0
72) 72 .1
97) 97 or older 0
99) Don't know/refused (Vol.) 11.2
Missing973 
TOTAL1894100.0
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9) IF Q1=99, ASK: Just thinking in general terms, would you say you were under the age of 13, between the ages of 13 and 17, between 18 and 23, between 24 and 35, between 36 and 50, between 51 and 65, or were you older than 65? (Q1A)
TOTAL%
1) Under age 13 15.6
2) Between 13 and 17 16.8
3) Between 18 and 23 18.2
4) Between 24 and 35 23.9
5) Between 36 and 50 6.3
6) Between 51 and 65 3.6
7) Older than 65 .9
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) 14.7
Missing2657 
TOTAL210100.0
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10) IF Q1 less than 18 OR Q1A less than 3, ASK: And would you say that the decision to stop being (FRMREL) was mostly your own decision, or was it mostly decided by your parents or family? IF FRMREL=UNAFFILIATED WITH ANY PARTICULAR RELIGION, USE ALTERNATE WORDING: And would you say that the decision to start identifying with a religion was mostly your own decision, or was it mostly decided by your parents or family? (Q2)
TOTAL%
1) Mostly own decision 67.5
2) Mostly decided by parents or family (SKIP TO Q7) 27.8
3) Both/neither (Vol.) 4.1
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) .7
Missing2152 
TOTAL715100.0
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11) ASK ALL QUALIFIED CONVERTS (CON11=1 AND Q2 NE 2): And just in your own words, what is the main reason that you are no longer (FRMREL)? IF FRMREL=UNAFFILIATED WITH ANY PARTICULAR RELGION, USE ALTERNATE WORDING: And just in your own words, what is the main reason that you started identifying with a religion? FIRST MENTION (Q3OE_1)
TOTAL%
10) Do not believe in former religion/share the beliefs of former religion/any religion 8.8
13) Atheist/do not believe in God/do not believe in Jesus .7
16) Agnostic/answers to religious question are unknowable .3
19) Previous religion or religion in general not logical/not believable/not rational/not scientific/does not make sense 1.7
22) Disagree with former religion on priestly celibacy (general) .1
31) Disagree with papal infallibility/Pope in general .1
34) Disagree with virgin Birth/praying to Mary 0
37) Other disagreement with former religion's specific teachings beliefs/rituals/policies 1.4
40) Did not understand former religion .3
43) Other/generic stopped believing, lost faith, stopped being religious, began questioning, became skeptical 1.8
50) Like current religion's beliefs about God/because of belief in God or Jesus or higher being/because of faith/found the truth/like teachings current religion/became closer to God/current religion/became closer to God/current religion made sense 2.8
80) Biblical or scriptural reason (general) 1
83) Biblical or scriptural reason (respondent does not believe Bible/former religion adheres too closely to Bible/current religion takes a more relaxed view) .6
88) Biblical or scriptural reason (respondent believes in Bible/former religion did not adhere closely enough/current religion adheres more closely) 2.9
110) Many religions or paths to God, no one religion is true, all religions have truth 1.2
113) Do not believe idea that non-adherents of particular religion will be condemned 0
119) Unable to reconcile religious beliefs with existence of evil in world 0
122) Have own personal religion/spiritual but not religious/have faith but not affiliation/believe but don't go to church .6
140) Disagree with former religion on abortion (general) .1
146) Disagree with former religion on abortion (religion too conservative) 0
149) Disagree with former religion on homosexuality (general) .1
152) Disagree with former religion on homosexuality (religion too liberal/too open). .1
158) Disagree with former religion's views of women (general) .1
161) Disagree with former religion's views of women (treated poorly) .3
167) Disagree with former religion on birth control (general) .1
170) Disagree with former religion on birth control (religion should allow but didn't) 0
176) Other political disagreement/objection to former religion .6
210) Former religion too political 0
213) Former religion too conservative/too traditional .5
216) Former religion too liberal .2
250) Dislike organized religion/Do not believe in organized religion 1.6
253) Dislike way former religion is run/leadership/hierarchy/structure .5
254) Religion causes problems/is bad/is evil/is not good .3
255) Former religion too much about money, business, a scam .5
256) Pedophilia scandal/molestation .4
257) Former religion out of touch 0
330) Former religion had too many rules/too rigid/too strict/too much guilt involved/too negative/critical 1.6
331) Didn't like/agree with former religion's practices or rituals .9
333) Former religion's ideals too hard to live up to .1
342) Current religion had fewer rules, less rigid, more freedom .2
345) Former religion and/or adherents hypocritical, judgmental, intolerant, narrow, exclusive 2.9
361) Dislike style of former religion's worship services (general) .4
364) Dislike style of former religion's worship services (too energetic) .2
367) Dislike style of former religion's worship services (too boring, formal, stuffy) 1.3
370) Like current religions worship services/practices/prayers/meditations, etc. .4
371) Just don't like religion or former religion/disappointed with religion/do not trust religion/have conflict with religion/didn't like going to church/ disillusioned / disenchanted with religion or church/wasn't right for me 2.3
373) Just liked current religion / just wanted to go to church/just wanted to join religion/just started going / liked a particular church 2.9
376) Like leadership, structure of current religion .1
379) Dislike of/dissatisfaction with particular congregation/parish/churches in an area 1
382) Dislike of/negative experience with preacher/priest/nun or other religious leader 1.4
385) People at a particular parish/congregation/church were mean, unkind, not generous, etc. .1
393) Liked particular pastor/joined because of influence of particular pastor .3
396) Liked people in religion/in a particular church/people in religion or church were nice or helpful .8
401) Felt disconnected/uncomfortable/unwelcome .2
404) Felt spiritually disconnected/uninspired/poor spiritual fit .3
407) Felt connected, comfortable, welcome/good fit/felt right/liked atmosphere 1.3
416) Liked Sunday school/other religious education program/youth groups/other programs offered at church/former religion didn't offer programs/dissatisfaction with programs offered .2
422) Convenience/location/availability/local church/only church in town/no churches available of a particular denomination 3.1
430) Invitation/influence/example/outreach of church member, friend, neighbor, or other person 1.3
440) Negative childhood experience/shoved down throat as child / negative experience at religious school .6
443) Positive childhood experience/experience at religious school .1
450) Wanted social interaction/social reasons 0
453) Went to revival .2
473) Grew up/started thinking for oneself .4
479) Became educated, studious, observant, curious and thus stopped believing/lost faith/changed faith 1
482) Spiritual awakening/personal spiritual growth/self-realization/spiritual change .3
488) Looking for something/looking for answers/wanted to learn about God or religion/looking for something bigger than oneself/became interested in God or religion/felt a need/missing something/on a quest/wanted more/looking for something deeper 1
497) Do not get anything out of religion/have no need for it/got no answers/did not meet needs 1
500) Not interested in religion/religion unimportant to respondent, irrelevant to respondent .6
503) Tangible benefits of religion/good things happen to believers/found more joy, peace, happiness, fulfillment etc. .4
508) Calling from God/led by prayer or revelation/gift of faith from God/spoke to my heart/miracle/spirit moved me .7
509) Saved/accepted Jesus/born-again/grace/became convicted 1.4
510) Need for Jesus/need to be saved/don't want to go to hell/want eternal life .1
520) Marriage/because of spouse 11.4
523) Because of a divorce .5
526) Because of death of a loved one .4
529) Issues with raising children/influence of children 1.6
532) Parent's decision/influence of parents .1
535) Other family reason/cultural reason/heritage 1.5
536) Moved/relocated 2.7
538) Went to college .2
541) Joined military .2
546) Other lifecycle reason/life event/tragedy/trauma/life changing experience/turning point/timing/ready for change .9
548) Too busy/too lazy/didn't want to waste any more time .4
551) Got tired of it .2
555) Just drifted away, stopped going, got away from it, fell away, don't go to church 4.9
569) Just changed mind/change of faith/just chose to change religions .4
583) Just not religious .4
696) Many reasons 0
697) No reason .4
698) Because I became 3.6
699) Other reason 3.7
999) Don't know/refused 5.7
Missing1111 
TOTAL1756100.0
[ Add to Question Bank | View Question Bank | View more questions about Congregation, Reason for Choosing ]
12) ASK ALL QUALIFIED CONVERTS (CON11=1 AND Q2 NE 2): And just in your own words, what is the main reason that you are no longer (FRMREL)? IF FRMREL=UNAFFILIATED WITH ANY PARTICULAR RELGION, USE ALTERNATE WORDING: And just in your own words, what is the main reason that you started identifying with a religion? SECOND MENTION (Q3OE_2)
TOTAL%
10) Do not believe in former religion/share the beliefs of former religion/any religion 1.1
13) Atheist/do not believe in God/do not believe in Jesus .2
16) Agnostic/answers to religious questions are unknowable 0
19) Previous religion or religion in general not logical/not believable/not rational/not scientific/does not make sense .1
22) Disagree with former religion on priestly celibacy (general) 0
28) Disagree with former religion on priestly celibacy (religion enforces but shouldn't) .1
31) Disagree with papal infallibility/Pope in general 0
34) Disagree with virgin Birth/praying to Mary .2
37) Other disagreement with former religion's specific teachings/beliefs/rituals/policies .3
40) Did not understand religion .1
43) Other/generic stopped believing, lost faith, stopped being religious, began questioning, became skeptical .1
50) Liked current religion's beliefs about God/because of belief in God or Jesus or higher being/because of faith/found the truth/like teachings of current religion/became closer to God/current religion made sense 0
83) Biblical or scriptural reason (respondent does not believe Bible/former religion adheres too closely to Bible/current religion takes a more relaxed view) 0
88) Biblical or scriptural reason (respondent believes in Bible/former religion did not adhere closely enough/current religion adheres more closely) .6
110) Many religions or paths to God, no one religion is true, all religions have truth .2
119) Unable to reconcile religious beliefs with existence of evil in world 0
122) Have own personal religion/spiritual but not religious/have faith but not affiliation/believe but don't go to church 0
140) Disagree with former religion on abortion (general) .1
146) Disagree with former religion on abortion (religion too conservative) .1
149) Disagree with former religion on homosexuality (general) .1
152) Disagree with former religion on homosexuality (religion too liberal / too open) .1
158) Disagree with former religion's views of women (general) .1
161) Disagree with former religion's views of women (treated poorly) .1
167) Disagree with former religion on birth control (general) 0
176) Other political disagreement/objection to former religion .1
210) Former religion too political 0
213) Former religion too conservative/too traditional 0
216) Former religion too liberal .1
250) Dislike organized religion/Do not believe in organized religion .2
253) Dislike way former religion is run/leadership/hierarchy/structure .1
254) Religion causes problems/is bad/is evil/is not good .3
255) Former religion too much about money, business, a scam .7
256) Pedophilia scandal/molestation .2
330) Former religion had too many rules/too rigid/too strict/too much guilt involved/too negative/critical .3
331) Didn't like/agree with former religion's practices or rituals .1
345) Former religion and/or adherents hypocritical, judgmental, intolerant, narrow, exclusive .8
348) Current religion open, loving, not judgmental, inclusive .6
361) Dislike style of former religion's worship services (general) .1
367) Dislike style of former religion's worship services (too boring, formal, stuffy) 0
370) Liked current religions worship services / practices/prayers/meditations, etc. .2
371) Just don't like religion or former religion/disappointed with religion/do not trust religion/have conflict with religion/didn't like going to church/ disillusioned/disenchanted with religion or church/wasn't right for me 0
379) Dislike of/dissatisfaction with particular congregation/parish/churches in an area .2
382) Dislike of/negative experience with preacher/priest/nun or other religious leader .2
385) People at a particular parish/congregation/church were mean, unkind, not generous, etc. .2
393) Liked particular pastor/joined because of influence of particular pastor .1
396) Liked people in religion/in a particular church/people in religion or church were nice or helpful .1
404) Felt spiritually disconnected/uninspired/poor spiritual fit 0
407) Felt connected, comfortable, welcome/good fit/felt right/liked atmosphere .3
413) Wanted to be around others who shared beliefs 0
416) Liked Sunday school/other religious education program/youth groups/other programs offered at church/former religion didn't offer programs/dissatisfaction with programs offered 0
422) Convenience/location/availability/local church/only church in town/no churches available of a particular denomination .4
430) Invitation/influence/example/outreach of church member, friend, neighbor, or other person .6
440) Negative childhood experience/shoved down throat as child/negative experience at religious school 0
485) Wanted to be a better person, mother, father, spouse, etc. 0
488) Looking for something/looking for answers/wanted to learn about God or religion/looking for something bigger than oneself/became interested in God or religion/felt a need /missing something/on a quest/wanted more/looking for something deeper .3
494) Prayers were not answered .2
497) Do not get anything out of religion/have no need for it/got no answers/did not meet needs .1
500) Not interested in religion/religion unimportant to respondent, irrelevant to respondent 0
508) Calling from God/led by prayer or revelation/gift of faith from God/spoke to my heart/miracle/spirit moved me .1
509) Saved/accepted Jesus/born-again/grace/became convicted .2
520) Marriage/because of spouse .3
523) Because of a divorce .3
529) Issues with raising children/influence of children .4
532) Parents' decision/influence of parents 0
535) Other family reason/cultural reason/heritage 0
536) Moved/relocated .2
546) Other lifecycle reason/life event/tragedy/trauma/life changing experience/turning point/timing/ready for change 0
548) Too busy/too lazy/didn't want to waste any more time 0
555) Just drifted away, stopped going, got away from it, fell away, don't go to church .2
696) Many reasons 0
999) Don't know/refused 88
Missing1111 
TOTAL1756100.0
[ Add to Question Bank | View Question Bank | View more questions about Congregation, Reason for Choosing ]
13) ASK ALL QUALIFIED CONVERTS (CON11=1 AND Q2 NE 2): And just in your own words, what is the main reason that you are no longer (FRMREL)? IF FRMREL=UNAFFILIATED WITH ANY PARTICULAR RELGION, USE ALTERNATE WORDING: And just in your own words, what is the main reason that you started identifying with a religion? THIRD MENTION (Q3OE_3)
TOTAL%
10) Do not believe in former religion/share the beliefs of former religion/any religion 0
19) Previous religion or religion in general not logical/not believable/not rational/not scientific/does not make sense 0
28) Disagree with former religion on priestly celibacy (religion enforces but shouldn't) 0
50) Liked current religion's beliefs about God/because of belief in God or Jesus or higher being/because of faith/found the truth/like teachings of current religion/became closer to God/current religion made sense .1
88) Biblical or scriptural reason (respondent believes in Bible/former religion did not adhere closely enough/current religion adheres more closely) 0
149) Disagree with former religion on homosexuality (general) 0
155) Disagree with former religion on homosexuality (religion too conservative / too unwelcoming) 0
158) Disagree with former religion's views of women (general) .1
170) Disagree with former religion on birth control (religion should allow but didn't) 0
253) Dislike way former religion is run / leadership/hierarchy/structure 0
257) Former religion out of touch 0
345) Former religion and/or adherents hypocritical, judgmental, intolerant, narrow, exclusive .3
371) Just don't like religion or form religion/disappointed with religion/do not trust religion/have conflict with religion/didn't like going to church/disillusioned/disenchanted with religion or church/wasn't right for me .1
393) Like particular pastor/joined because of influence of particular pastor 0
482) Spiritual awakening/personal spiritual growth/self-realization/spiritual change 0
488) Looking for something/looking for answers/wanted to learn about God or religion/looking for something bigger than oneself/became interested in God or religion/felt a need/missing something/on a quest/wanted more/looking for something deeper 0
503) Tangible benefits of religion/good things happen to believers/found more joy, peace, happiness, fulfillment etc. 0
555) Just drifted away, stopped going, got away from it, fell away, don't go to church 0
999) Don't know/refused 99.1
Missing1111 
TOTAL1756100.0
[ Add to Question Bank | View Question Bank | View more questions about Congregation, Reason for Choosing ]
14) Collapsed version of Q3OE_1 (Q3OE_1B)
TOTAL%
1) Religious teachings 24.4
2) Moral/social teachings 2.1
3) Organized religion 3.4
4) Religion's rules, rigidity, etc. 5.6
5) Particular churches and their leaders/members 11.1
6) Spiritual/social connectedness 7.2
7) Personal spirituality 6.9
8) Marriage and family 15.6
9) New circumstances 3.9
10) Other reasons 14.1
11) Don't know/refused (Vol.) 5.7
Missing1111 
TOTAL1756100.0
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15) Collapsed version of Q3OE_2 (Q3OE_2B)
TOTAL%
1) Religious teachings 3.2
2) Moral/social teachings .7
3) Organized religion 1.4
4) Religion's rules, rigidity, etc. 1.7
5) Particular churches and their leaders/members 1.2
6) Spiritual/social connectedness 1.3
7) Personal spirituality .9
8) Marriage and family 1.1
9) New circumstances .2
10) Other reasons .3
12) No answer given 88
Missing1111 
TOTAL1756100.0
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16) Collapsed version of Q3OE_3 (Q3OE_3B)
TOTAL%
1) Religious teachings .2
2) Moral/social teachings .1
3) Organized religion 0
4) Religion's rules, rigidity, etc. .3
5) Particular churches and their leaders/members .2
7) Personal spirituality 0
10) Other reasons 0
12) No answer given 99.1
Missing1111 
TOTAL1756100.0
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17) Collapsed version of Q3OE_1B (Q3OE_1C)
TOTAL%
1) Religious and moral beliefs 26.5
2) Religious institutions, practices and people 27.3
3) Personal spirituality 6.9
4) Lifecycle changes 19.5
5) Other reasons 14.1
6) Don't know/refused 5.7
Missing1111 
TOTAL1756100.0
[ Analyze results | Add to Question Bank | View Question Bank ]
18) Collapsed version of Q3OE_2B (Q3OE_2C)
TOTAL%
1) Religious and moral beliefs 3.9
2) Religious institutions, practices and people 5.6
3) Personal spirituality .9
4) Lifecycle changes 1.3
5) Other reasons .3
7) No answer given 88
Missing1111 
TOTAL1756100.0
[ Analyze results | Add to Question Bank | View Question Bank ]
19) Collapsed version of Q3OE_3B (Q3OE_3C)
TOTAL%
1) Religious and moral beliefs .4
2) Religious institutions, practices and people .5
3) Personal spirituality 0
5) Other reasons 0
7) No answer given 99.1
Missing1111 
TOTAL1756100.0
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20) There are many reasons people have given us for why they are no longer (FRMREL). As I read a list of possible reasons, please tell me whether or not each one is an important reason for why you are no longer (FRMREL). What about this… (INSERT; RANDOMIZE IN BLOCKS; FIRST a-d.3, THEN e-i, THEN k-s). Is this an important reason you are no longer (FRMREL), or not? What about (INSERT NEXT ITEM). (READ FOR FIRST SEVERAL ITEMS, THEN AS NECESSARY AND AT LEAST EVERY THREE OR FOUR ITEMS, AND EVERY TIME AFTER READING Q.5: Is this an important reason you are no longer (FRMREL), or not?) IF FRMREL2=100003 USE ALTERNATE WORDING: There are many reasons people have given us for why they started identifying with their first religious group after having not been raised in any particular religion. As I read a list of possible reasons, please tell me if each one is an important reason for why you started identifying with your first religion, even if your first religion is different than your current religion. First, what about this… (INSERT; RANDOMIZE a-d.3,). Is this an important reason you started identifying with your first religion, or not? What about (INSERT NEXT ITEM). (READ FOR FIRST SEVERAL ITEMS, THEN AS NECESSARY AND AT LEAST EVERY THREE OR FOUR ITEMS: Is this an important reason you started identifying with your first religion, or not?) You married someone who is not (FRMREL)/IF FRMREL2=100003 USE ALTERNATE WORDING: You married someone who identifies with a religion. (Q4A)
TOTAL%
1) Yes, important reason 25.9
2) No, not an important reason 73.6
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) .5
Missing1111 
TOTAL1756100.0
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21) Your spiritual needs were not being met. Is this an important reason you are no longer (FRMREL), or not? (Q4B)
TOTAL%
1) Yes, important reason 50
2) No, not an important reason 47.1
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) 2.9
Missing1111 
TOTAL1756100.0
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22) You moved to a new community. Is this an important reason you are no longer (FRMREL), or not? (Q4C)
TOTAL%
1) Yes, important reason 22.6
2) No, not an important reason 76.8
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) .6
Missing1111 
TOTAL1756100.0
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23) You found a religion that you liked more than being (FRMREL). Is this an important reason you are no longer (FRMREL), or not? (Q4D)
TOTAL%
1) Yes, important reason 44.8
2) No, not an important reason 52.7
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) 2.5
Missing1111 
TOTAL1756100.0
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24) You became separated or divorced. Is this an important reason you are no longer (FRMREL), or not? (Q4D2)
TOTAL%
1) Yes, important reason 3.5
2) No, not an important reason 96.2
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) .4
Missing1111 
TOTAL1756100.0
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25) Someone you were close to passed away. Is this an important reason you are no longer (FRMREL), or not? (Q4D3)
TOTAL%
1) Yes, important reason 7.4
2) No, not an important reason 92.2
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) .4
Missing1111 
TOTAL1756100.0
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26) IF CONVERT RAISED IN A RELIGION: You weren't satisfied with the [IF RAISED CATHOLIC, FRMREL2=10000, INSERT: priests at your parish; FOR ALL OTHERS, INSERT: clergy at your local congregation]. Is this an important reason you are no longer (FRMREL), or not? (Q4E)
TOTAL%
1) Yes, important reason 29.3
2) No, not an important reason 69.4
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) 1.2
Missing1424 
TOTAL1443100.0
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27) IF CONVERT RAISED IN A RELIGION: You just gradually drifted away from the religion. Is this an important reason you are no longer (FRMREL), or not? (Q4F)
TOTAL%
1) Yes, important reason 52.2
2) No, not an important reason 47
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) .8
Missing1424 
TOTAL1443100.0
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28) IF CONVERT RAISED CATHOLIC: You were unhappy about the Church's rule that priests can't get married. Is this an important reason you are no longer (FRMREL), or not? (Q4G)
TOTAL%
1) Yes, important reason 23.8
2) No, not an important reason 75.3
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) .9
Missing2112 
TOTAL755100.0
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29) IF CONVERT RAISED CATHOLIC: The clergy sexual-abuse scandal. Is this an important reason you are no longer (FRMREL), or not? (Q4H)
TOTAL%
1) Yes, important reason 24.9
2) No, not an important reason 74.5
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) .7
Missing2112 
TOTAL755100.0
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30) IF CONVERT RAISED CATHOLIC: The Church drifted too far away from its traditional practices and teachings, like Latin Mass and not eating meat on Fridays all year long. Is this an important reason you are no longer (FRMREL), or not? (Q4I)
TOTAL%
1) Yes, important reason 9.9
2) No, not an important reason 89.5
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) .5
Missing2112 
TOTAL755100.0
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31) IF CONVERT RAISED IN A RELIGION: You were unhappy about the way the religion treated women. Is this an important reason you are no longer (FRMREL), or not? (Q4K)
TOTAL%
1) Yes, important reason 19
2) No, not an important reason 80.1
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) 1
Missing1424 
TOTAL1443100.0
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32) IF CONVERT RAISED IN A RELIGION: You were unhappy about the religion's teachings about divorce and re-marriage. Is this an important reason you are no longer (FRMREL), or not? (Q4L)
TOTAL%
1) Yes, important reason 14.1
2) No, not an important reason 83.9
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) 2
Missing1424 
TOTAL1443100.0
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33) IF CONVERT RAISED IN A RELIGION: You weren't satisfied with the atmosphere at [IF RAISED CATHOLIC, FRMREL2=10000, INSERT: Mass; FOR ALL OTHERS, INSERT: worship services]. Is this an important reason you are no longer (FRMREL), or not? (Q4M)
TOTAL%
1) Yes, important reason 33.1
2) No, not an important reason 65.5
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) 1.4
Missing1424 
TOTAL1443100.0
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34) IF CONVERT RAISED IN A RELIGION: You weren't comfortable, with the feeling of community at [IF RAISED CATHOLIC, FRMREL2=10000, INSERT: your parish; FOR ALL OTHERS, INSERT: your local congregation]. Is this an important reason you are no longer (FRMREL), or not? (Q4N)
TOTAL%
1) Yes, important reason 21.1
2) No, not an important reason 77
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) 1.9
Missing1424 
TOTAL1443100.0
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35) IF CONVERT RAISED IN A RELIGION: You stopped believing in the religion's teachings. Is this an important reason you are no longer (FRMREL), or not? (Q4O)
TOTAL%
1) Yes, important reason 34.7
2) No, not an important reason 64.1
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) 1.2
Missing1424 
TOTAL1443100.0
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36) IF CONVERT RAISED IN A RELIGION: You were unhappy about the religion's teachings about things like abortion and homosexuality. Is this an important reason you are no longer (FRMREL), or not? (Q4P)
TOTAL%
1) Yes, important reason 23.1
2) No, not an important reason 74.9
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) 1.9
Missing1424 
TOTAL1443100.0
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37) IF CONVERT RAISED IN A RELIGION: You were unhappy about the religion's teachings about things like poverty or social justice, war and peace, and the death penalty. Is this an important reason you are no longer (FRMREL), or not? (Q4Q)
TOTAL%
1) Yes, important reason 14.6
2) No, not an important reason 82.8
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) 2.6
Missing1424 
TOTAL1443100.0
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38) IF CONVERT RAISED CHRISTIAN: You were unhappy about the religion's teachings about the Bible. Is this an important reason you are no longer (FRMREL), or not? (Q4R)
TOTAL%
1) Yes, important reason 28.4
2) No, not an important reason 70.3
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) 1.3
Missing1443 
TOTAL1424100.0
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39) IF CONVERT RAISED CATHOLIC: You were unhappy about the Church's teachings about birth control. Is this an important reason you are no longer (FRMREL), or not? (Q4S)
TOTAL%
1) Yes, important reason 33.1
2) No, not an important reason 64.8
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) 2.1
Missing2112 
TOTAL755100.0
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40) IF Q4K=1, ASK: And would you say that the religion treated men better than women, or the religion treated women better than men? (Q5K)
TOTAL%
1) Treated men better than women 81.2
2) Treated women better than men 3.6
3) Neither/both equally/other (Vol.) 8.4
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) 6.8
Missing2520 
TOTAL347100.0
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41) IF Q4L=1, ASK: And would you say that the religion was too strict and conservative about divorce and remarriage, or the religion was too relaxed and liberal about divorce and remarriage? (Q5L)
TOTAL%
1) Too strict/conservative about divorce/remarriage 74.3
2) Too relaxed/liberal about divorce/remarriage 20.2
3) Neither/both equally/other (Vol.) 1.8
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) 3.7
Missing2587 
TOTAL280100.0
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42) IF Q4M=1, ASK: And would you say that that you weren't satisfied with the atmosphere at [IF RAISED CATHOLIC, INSERT: Mass was; FOR ALL OTHERS, INSERT: worship services were] too boring and uninspiring, or [IF RAISED CATHOLIC, INSERT: Mass was; FOR ALL OTHERS, INSERT: worship services were] too emotional and exuberant? (Q5M)
TOTAL%
1) Mass/services were too boring and uninspiring 64
2) Mass/services were too emotional and exuberant 9
3) Neither/both equally/other (VOL 23.7
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) 3.2
Missing2463 
TOTAL404100.0
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43) IF Q4N=1, ASK: And would you say that there wasn't enough of a sense of community at [IF RAISED CATHOLIC, INSERT: your parish; FOR ALL OTHERS, INSERT: your local congregation], or the community at [IF RAISED CATHOLIC, INSERT: your parish; FOR ALL OTHERS, INSERT: your local congregation] was too close, with too many people trying to be involved in other people's private lives? (Q5N)
TOTAL%
1) Not enough sense of community 30.7
2) Community was too close 39.8
3) Neither/both equally/other (Vol.) 24.9
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) 4.7
Missing2597 
TOTAL270100.0
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44) IF Q4O=1, ASK: And would you say that this was mostly because of your education, or this was mostly because of some other reason? (Q5O)
TOTAL%
1) Mostly because of your education 41.4
2) Mostly because of some other reason 48.3
3) Neither/both equally/other (Vol.) 8.7
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) 1.7
Missing2157 
TOTAL710100.0
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45) IF Q4P=1, ASK: And would you say that the religion was too strict and conservative about things like abortion and homosexuality, or the religion was too relaxed and liberal about things like abortion and homosexuality? (Q5P)
TOTAL%
1) Too strict/conservative on abortion/homosexuality 73.2
2) Too relaxed/liberal on abortion/homosexuality 19.8
3) Neither/both equally/other (Vol.) 1.3
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) 5.7
Missing2448 
TOTAL419100.0
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46) IF Q4Q=1, ASK: And would you say that the religion was too conservative about things like poverty or social justice, war and peace, and the death penalty, or the religion was too liberal about things like poverty or social justice, war and peace and the death penalty? (Q5Q)
TOTAL%
1) Too conservative on poverty, war, death penalty 57.9
2) Too liberal on poverty, war, death penalty 26.6
3) Neither/both equally/other (Vol.) 5.9
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) 9.6
Missing2638 
TOTAL229100.0
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47) IF Q4R=1, ASK: And would you say that the religion viewed the Bible too literally, or the religion didn't view the Bible literally enough? (Q5R)
TOTAL%
1) Viewed Bible too literally 38.8
2) Did not view Bible literally enough 43.5
3) Neither/both equally/other (Vol.) 7.3
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) 10.5
Missing2407 
TOTAL460100.0
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48) IF Q4S=1, ASK: And would you say that the Church was too strict and conservative about birth control, or the church was too relaxed and liberal about birth control? (Q5S)
TOTAL%
1) Too strict and conservative about birth control 92.5
2) Too relaxed and liberal about birth control 5.7
3) Neither/both equally/other (Vol.) .9
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) .9
Missing2582 
TOTAL285100.0
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49) And when you stopped being (FRMREL), would you say it was more because you wanted to leave the (FRMREL) religion or more because you wanted to join another religion? (Q6)
TOTAL%
1) More because wanted to leave the religion 29.4
2) More because wanted to join another religion 34.7
3) Neither/both/other (Vol.) 32.4
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) 3.5
Missing1424 
TOTAL1443100.0
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50) And thinking about the year or two right before you stopped being (FRMREL), about how strong was your religious faith? Was it very strong, somewhat strong, not too strong, or not strong at all? IF FRMREL-UNAFFILIATED WITH ANY PARTICULAR RELIGION, USE ALTERNATE WORDING: And thinking about the year or two right before you started identifying with your first religion, about how strong was your religious faith? Was it very strong, somewhat strong, not too strong, or not strong at all? (Q6B)
TOTAL%
1) Very strong 22.1
2) Somewhat strong 36.1
3) Not too strong 22.4
4) Not strong at all 17.1
5) Didn't have religious faith (Vol.) .3
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) 2
Missing1111 
TOTAL1756100.0
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51) Now thinking back to when you were a child, that is before you became a teenager, about how often did you attend religious services? Would you say: (READ IN ORDER) (Q7)
TOTAL%
1) More than once a week 23.4
2) Once a week 49.5
3) Once or twice a month 11.8
4) A few times a year 6.1
5) Seldom 6
6) Never 2.4
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) .9
TOTAL2867100.0
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52) And when you were a child, about how often did you attend religious education classes, including programs like Sunday School (IF RASIED CATHOLIC, INSERT: 'or CCD'), or as a part of the curriculum if you attended a religious school? Would you say: (READ IN ORDER) (Q8)
TOTAL%
1) Frequently 61.9
2) Occasionally 17.4
3) Rarely 8.4
4) Never 9.7
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) 2.7
TOTAL2867100.0
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53) And as a child, about how strong was your religious faith? Was it very strong, somewhat strong, not too strong, or not strong at all? (Q9)
TOTAL%
1) Very strong 36.6
2) Somewhat strong 42.3
3) Not too strong 12.5
4) Not strong at all 6.5
5) Didn't have religious faith (Vol.) .1
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) 2
TOTAL2867100.0
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54) And thinking now about when you were a teenager, roughly between the ages of 13 and 18, about how often did you attend religious services then? Would you say: (READ IN ORDER) (Q10)
TOTAL%
1) More than once a week 18.2
2) Once a week 38.7
3) Once or twice a month 16.2
4) A few times a year 10.8
5) Seldom, or 8.6
6) Never 6.8
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) .6
TOTAL2867100.0
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55) IF ATTENDED REGULARLY AS A TEENAGER AND RAISED IN A PARTICULAR RELIGION, ASK: Were the religious services you attended mostly (FRMREL) services, or not? (Q10A)
TOTAL%
1) Yes, were 89.9
2) NO, were not 8.3
3) Services were mixed/interfaith or attended multiple kinds of services (Vol.) 1.6
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) .2
Missing1133 
TOTAL1734100.0
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56) IF RAISED CATHOLIC, ASK: Did you attend a Catholic high school, or not? (Q10B)
TOTAL%
1) Yes 23.4
2) No 75.4
3) Yes, but only for part of high school (Vol.) 1.3
Missing1778 
TOTAL1089100.0
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57) And when you were a teenager, did you participate in any religious youth groups, Bible study groups, prayer groups, or other religious groups for young people? (Q11)
TOTAL%
1) Yes 50
2) No 49.3
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) .7
TOTAL2867100.0
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58) IF PARTICIPATED AND RAISED IN PARTICULAR RELIGION, ASK: Were the group or groups you participated in mostly (FRMREL) groups, or not? (Q11A)
TOTAL%
1) Yes, were 83.9
2) No, were not 12
3) Groups were mixed/interfaith or participated in multiple groups (Vol.) 3.2
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) .9
Missing1724 
TOTAL1143100.0
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59) And as a teenager, about how strong was your religious faith? Was it very strong, somewhat strong, not too strong, or not strong at all? (Q12)
TOTAL%
1) Very strong 30.9
2) Somewhat strong 42.8
3) Not too strong 15.5
4) Not strong at all 9.7
5) Didn't have religious faith (Vol.) .1
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) 1.1
TOTAL2867100.0
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60) And about how strong would you say your religious faith is now? Is it very strong, somewhat strong, not too strong, or not strong at all? (Q13)
TOTAL%
1) Very strong 53.2
2) Somewhat strong 27.5
3) Not too strong 9.1
4) Not strong at all 8.4
5) Don't have religious faith (Vol.) .5
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) 1.2
TOTAL2867100.0
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61) ASK ALL CONVERTS: About how old were you when you became (CURREL)? (Q14)
TOTAL%
0) 0 .5
1) 1 0
2) 2 0
3) 3 0
5) 5 .2
6) 6 .1
7) 7 .5
8) 8 .2
9) 9 .5
10) 10 1.1
11) 11 .9
12) 12 2
13) 13 2.2
14) 14 1.8
15) 15 4.5
16) 16 2.9
17) 17 3.3
18) 18 5.8
19) 19 2.6
20) 20 6.3
21) 21 4.1
22) 22 2.8
23) 23 3.8
24) 24 2.6
25) 25 7.7
26) 26 2.8
27) 27 2.7
28) 28 2.8
29) 29 .7
30) 30 5
31) 31 .7
32) 32 1.5
33) 33 .5
34) 34 .8
35) 35 4.1
36) 36 1
37) 37 .5
38) 38 1.2
39) 39 .9
40) 40 2.6
41) 41 .1
42) 42 .3
43) 43 .8
44) 44 .4
45) 45 2.2
46) 46 .5
47) 47 .4
48) 48 .4
49) 49 .4
50) 50 1.2
51) 51 .3
52) 52 .3
53) 53 0
54) 54 0
55) 55 .5
56) 56 0
57) 57 .1
58) 58 .1
59) 59 .2
60) 60 .1
61) 61 .3
62) 62 .2
63) 63 .1
64) 64 0
65) 65 .3
66) 66 0
68) 68 .1
69) 69 0
70) 70 0
71) 71 0
75) 75 0
77) 77 0
78) 78 0
97) 97 or older 0
99) Don't know/refused (Vol.) 5.9
Missing973 
TOTAL1894100.0
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62) IF DON'T KNOW/REFUSED (Q14=99), ASK: Just thinking in general terms, would you say you were: (READ, IN ORDER) (Q14A)
TOTAL%
1) Under the age of 14 11.2
2) Between the ages of 13 and 17 8.6
3) Between 18 and 23 16.2
4) Between 24 and 35 20.8
5) Between 36 and 50 12.2
6) Between 51 and 65 3.7
7) Older than 65 2
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) 25.2
Missing2740 
TOTAL127100.0
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63) IF Q14 less than 18 OR Q14A less than 3, ASK: And would you say that the decision to become (CURREL) was mostly your own decision, or was it mostly decided by your parents of family? (Q15)
TOTAL%
1) Mostly own decision 80.3
2) Mostly decided by parents or family (SKIP TO Q21) 17.6
3) Both/neither (Vol.) 1.5
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) .6
Missing2464 
TOTAL403100.0
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64) And just in your own words, what would you say is the main reason that you became (CURREL)? FIRST MENTION (Q16OE_1)
TOTAL%
10) Do not believe in former religion/share the beliefs of former religion/any religion 4.9
13) Atheist/do not believe in God/do not believe in Jesus .8
16) Agnostic/Answers to religious questions are unknowable .5
19) Previous religion or religion in general not logical/not believable/not rational/not scientific/does not make sense 1.2
34) Disagree with virgin Birth/praying to Mary 0
37) Other disagreement with former religion's specific teachings/beliefs/rituals/policies .2
40) Did not understand former religion .1
43) Other/generic stopped believing, lost faith, stopped being religious, began questioning, became skeptical 1
50) Liked current religion's beliefs about God/because of belief in God or Jesus or higher being/because of faith/found the truth/like teachings of current religion/became closer to God/current religion made sense 9
80) Biblical or scriptural reason (general .7
83) Biblical or scriptural reason (respondent does not believe Bible/former religion adheres to closely to Bible/current religion takes a more relaxed view) .7
88) Biblical or scriptural reason (respondent believes in Bible/former religion did not adhere closely enough/current religion adheres more closely) 4.1
110) Many religions or paths to God, no one religion is true, all religions have truth .7
113) Do not believe idea that non-adherents of particular religion will be condemned .1
119) Unable to reconcile religious beliefs with existence of evil in world .1
122) Have own personal religion/spiritual but not religious/have faith but not affiliation/believe but don't go to church 1.3
152) Disagree with former religion on homosexuality (religion too liberal/too open) .2
158) Disagree with former religion's views of women (general) 0
161) Disagree with former religion's views of women (treated poorly) 0
167) Disagree with former religion on birth control (general) 0
176) Other political disagreement/objection to former religion .3
190) Like current religion's view on homosexuality .1
202) Liked something else about current religion's approach to social or political matters .2
210) Former religion too political .1
213) Former religion too conservative/too traditional .1
220) Current religion is liberal .2
223) Current religion is traditional/conservative 0
226) Current religion is moderate, middle-of-the-road 0
250) Dislike organized religion/Do not believe in organized religion .9
253) Dislike way former religion is run/leadership/hierarchy/structure .3
254) Religion causes problems/is bad/is evil/is not good .2
255) Former religion too much about money, business, a scam .5
256) Pedophilia scandal/molestation .2
257) Former religion out of touch .1
330) Former religion had too many rules/too rigid/too strict/too much guilt involved/too negative/critical 1
333) Former religion's ideals too hard to live up to 0
342) Current religion had fewer rules, less rigid, more freedom .8
345) Former religion and/or adherents hypocritical, judgmental, intolerant, narrow, exclusive 1.8
348) Current religion open, loving, not judgmental, inclusive .4
361) Dislike style of former religion's worship services (general) .1
367) Dislike style of former religion's worship services (too boring, formal, stuffy) 1.1
370) Liked current religions worship services/practices/prayers/meditations, etc. 2.1
371) Just don't like religion or former religion/disappointed with religion/do not trust religion/have conflict religion/didn't like going to church/disillusioned/disenchanted with religion or church/wasn't right for me 1.5
373) Just liked current religion/just wanted to go to church/just wanted to join religion/just started going/liked a particular church 3.3
376) Like leadership, structure of current religion .1
382) Dislike of/negative experience with preacher/priest/nun or other religious leader .5
385) People at a particular parish/congregation/church were mean, unkind, not generous, etc. .5
393) Liked particular pastor/joined because of influence of particular pastor .8
396) Liked people in religion/in a particular church/people in religion or church were nice or helpful .9
401) Felt disconnected/uncomfortable/unwelcome .1
404) Felt spiritually disconnected/uninspired/poor spiritual fit .1
407) Felt connected, comfortable, welcome/good fit/felt right/liked atmosphere 2.4
410) Felt spiritually connected, spiritually at-home, god spiritual fit, etc. .1
416) Liked Sunday school/other religious education program/youth groups/other programs offered at church/former religion didn't offer programs/dissatisfaction with programs offered 0
422) Convenience/location/availability/local church/only church in town/no churches available of a particular denomination 3.6
430) Invitation/influence/example/outreach of church member, friend, neighbor, or other person 2.1
440) Negative childhood experience/shoved down throat as child/negative experience at religious school .2
443) Positive childhood experience/experience at religious school .1
450) Wanted social interaction/social reasons .2
453) Went to revivial .1
473) Grew up/started thinking for oneself .3
479) Became educated, studious observant, curious and thus stopped believing/lost faith/changed faith 1.5
482) Spiritual awakening/personal spiritual growth/self-realization/spiritual change 1
485) Wanted to be a better person, mother, father, spouse, etc. .1
488) Looking for something/looking for answers/wanted to learn about God or religion/looking for something bigger than oneself/became interested in God or religion/felt a need/missing something/on a quest/wanted more/looking for something deeper 3.5
497) Do not get anything out of religion/have no need for it/got no answers/did not meet needs 1
500) Not interested in religion/religion unimportant to respondent, irrelevant to respondent .9
503) Tangible benefits of religion/good things happen to believers/found more joy peace 1.2
506) Found current religion to be relevant, important, interesting, etc. 0
508) Calling from God/led by prayer or revelation/gift of faith from God/spoke to my heart/miracle/spirit moved me 1.7
509) Saved/accepted Jesus/born-again/grace/became convicted 1.1
510) Need for Jesus/need to be saved/don't want to go to hell/want eternal life .1
511) Current religion in touch with god/the Lord/Jesus/the Holy Spirit/provided closer relationship with God .4
520) Marriage/because of spouse 12.2
523) Because of a divorce .5
526) Because of death of a loved one .3
529) Issues with raising children/influence of children 1.3
532) Parents' decision/influence of parents .7
535) Other family reason/cultural reason/heritage 3
536) Moved/relocated 2.4
538) Went to college .1
541) Joined military .1
546) Other lifecycle reason/life event/tragedy/trauma/life changing experience/turning point/timing/ready for change 1.3
548) Too busy/too lazy/didn't want to waste any more time .7
551) Got tired of it .2
555) Just drifted away, stopped going, got away from it, fell away, don't go to church 2
569) Just changed mind/change of faith/just chose to change religions .3
583) Just not religious 0
696) Many reasons .4
699) Other reason 5.4
999) Don't know/refused 3.4
Missing1038 
TOTAL1829100.0
[ Add to Question Bank | View Question Bank | View more questions about Congregation, Reason for Choosing ]
65) And just in your own words, what would you say is the main reason that you became (CURREL)? SECOND MENTION (Q16OE_2)
TOTAL%
10) Do not believe in former religion/share the beliefs of former religion/any religion .3
13) Atheist/do not believe in God/do not believe in Jesus 0
16) Agnostic/answers to religious questions are unknowable .1
19) Previous religion or religion in general not logical/not believable/not rational/not scientific/does not make sense .1
37) Other disagreement with former religion's specific teachings/beliefs/rituals/policies .2
40) Did not understand former religion 0
43) Other/generic stopped believing, lost faith, stopped being religious, began questioning, became skeptical .1
50) Liked current religion's beliefs about God / because of belief in God or Jesus or higher being/because of faith/found the truth/like teachings of current religion/became closer to God/current religion made sense 1
80) Biblical or scriptural reason (general) .2
83) Biblical or scriptural reason (respondent does not believe Bible/former religion adheres too closely to Bible/current religion takes a more relaxed view) .2
88) Biblical or scriptural reason (respondent believes in Bible/former religion did not adhere closely enough/current religion adheres more closely) .5
119) Unable to reconcile religious beliefs with existence of evil in world 0
122) Have own personal religion/spiritual but not religious/have faith but not affiliation/believe but don't go to church .3
140) Disagree with former religion on abortion (general) 0
158) Disagree with former religion's views of women (general) .1
161) Disagree with former religion's views of women (treated poorly) 0
170) Disagree with former religion on birth control (religion should allow but didn't) 0
176) Other political disagreement/objection to former religion .1
190) Like current religion's view on homosexuality 0
193) Liked way current religion viewed women 0
196) Liked way current religion dealt with abortion .1
202) Liked something else about current religion's approach to social or political matters .2
210) Former religion too political 0
213) Former religion too conservative/too traditional 0
250) Dislike organized religion/Do not believe in organized religion .4
253) Dislike way former religion is run/leadership/hierarchy/structure .1
254) Religion causes problems/is bad/is evil/is not good .5
255) Former religion too much about money, business, a scam .3
256) Pedophilia scandal/molestation 0
330) Former religion had too many rules/too rigid/too strict/too much guilt involved/too negative/critical .3
342) Current religion had fewer rules, less rigid, more freedom .3
345) Former religion and/or adherents hypocritical, judgmental, intolerant, narrow, exclusive .3
348) Current religion open, loving, not judgmental, inclusive 0
370) Liked current religions worship services/practices/prayers/meditations, etc. .4
371) Just don't like religion or former religion/disappointed with religion/do not trust religion/have conflict with religion/didn't like going to church/disillusioned/disenchanted with religion or church/wasn't right for me .1
373) Just liked current religion /just wanted to go to church/just wanted to join religion/just started going/liked a particular church .1
376) Like leadership, structure of current religion .1
379) Dislike of/dissatisfaction with particular congregation/parish/churches in an area .1
382) Dislike of/negative experience with preacher/priest/nun or other religious leader .1
393) Liked particular pastor/joined because of influence of particular pastor 1.9
396) Liked people in religion /in a particular church/people in religion or church were nice or helpful .3
404) Felt spiritually disconnected/uninspired/poor spiritual fit .6
407) Felt connected, comfortable, welcome/good fit/felt right/liked atmosphere .8
410) Felt spiritually connected, spiritually at-home, good spiritual fit, etc. .1
413) Wanted to be around others who shared beliefs 0
416) Liked Sunday school/other religious education program/youth groups/other programs offered at church/former religion didn't offer programs/dissatisfaction with programs offered .3
422) Convenience/location/availability/local church/only church in town/no churches available of a particular denomination .9
430) Invitation/influence/example/outreach of church member, friend, neighbor, or other person .3
440) Negative childhood experience/shoved down throat as child/negative experience at religious school .1
479) Became educated, studious, observant, curious and thus stopped believing/lost faith/changed faith .1
488) Looking for something/looking for answers/wanted to learn about God or religion/looking for something bigger than oneself/became interested in God or religion/felt a need /missing something/on a quest/wanted more/looking for something deeper 0
497) Do not get anything out of religion/have no need for it/got no answers/did not meet needs .3
500) Not interested in religion/religion unimportant to respondent, irrelevant to respondent .1
503) Tangible benefits of religion/good things happen to believers/found more joy, peace, happiness, fulfillment etc. .2
508) Calling from God/led by prayer or revelation/gift of faith from God/spoke to my heart/miracle/spirit moved me .1
509) Saved/accepted Jesus /born-again/grace /became convicted .1
511) Current religion in touch with God/the Lord/Jesus/the Holy Spirit/provided closer relationship with God .4
520) Marriage/because of spouse .5
523) Because of a divorce 0
529) Issues with raising children/influence of children .7
532) Parents' decision/influence of parents 0
535) Other family reason/cultural reason/heritage .2
538) Went to college 0
541) Joined military 0
551) Got tired of it 0
555) Just drifted away, stopped going, got away from it, fell away, don't go to church .2
999) Don't know/refused 84.8
Missing1038 
TOTAL1829100.0
[ Add to Question Bank | View Question Bank | View more questions about Congregation, Reason for Choosing ]
66) And just in your own words, what would you say is the main reason that you became (CURREL)? THIRD MENTION (Q16OE_3)
TOTAL%
13) Atheist/do not believe in God/do not believe in Jesus 0
19) Previous religion or religion in general not logical/not believable/not rational/not scientific/does not make sense .1
31) Disagree with papal infallibity/Pope in general 0
37) Other disagreement with former religion's specific teachings/beliefs/rituals/policies .1
50) Liked current religion's beliefs about God/because of belief in God or Jesus or higher being/because of faith/found the truth/like teachings of current religion/became closer to God/current religion made sense .1
80) Biblical or scriptural reason (general) 0
88) Biblical or scriptural reason (respondent believes in Bible/former religion did not adhere closely enough/current religion adheres more closely) 0
122) Have own personal religion/spiritual but not religious/have faith but not affiliation /believe but don't go to church 0
167) Disagree with former religion on birth control (general) 0
202) Liked something else about current religion's approach to social or political matters 0
250) Dislike organized religion/Do not believe in organized religion .1
253) Dislike way former religion is run/leadership/hierarchy/structure 0
254) Religion causes problems/is bad/is evil/is not good 0
255) Former religion too much about money, business, a scam .1
256) Pedophilia scandal/molestation .1
342) Current religion had fewer rules, less rigid, more freedom 0
345) Former religion and/or adherents hypocritical, judgmental, intolerant, narrow, exclusive 0
348) Current religion open, loving, not judgmental, inclusive 0
370) Liked current religions worship services/practices/prayers/meditations, etc. 0
373) Just liked current religion/just wanted to go to church/just wanted to join religion/just started going/liked a particular church .8
382) Dislike of/negative experience with preacher/priest/nun or other religious leader 0
393) Liked particular pastor/joined because of influence of particular pastor .1
396) Liked people in religion/in a particular church/people in religion or church were nice or helpful 0
401) Felt disconnected/uncomfortable/unwelcome 0
407) Felt connected, comfortable, welcome/good fit/felt right/liked atmosphere .6
422) Convenience/location/availability/local church/only church in town/no churches available of a particular denomination .1
430) Invitation/influence/example/outreach of church member, friend, neighbor, or other person 0
479) Became educated, studious, observant, curious and thus stopped believing/lost faith/changed faith 0
497) Do not get anything out of religion/have no need for it/got no answers/did not meet needs 0
500) Not interested in religion/religion unimportant to respondent, irrelevant to respondent .1
508) Calling from God/led by prayer or revelation/gift of faith from God/spoke to my heart/miracle/spirit moved me 0
509) Saved/accepted Jesus/born-again/grace /became convicted 0
520) Marriage/because of spouse .5
529) Issues with raising children/influence of children 0
532) Parents' decision/influence of parents 0
548) Too busy/too lazy/didn't want to waste any more time 0
555) Just drifted away, stopped going, got away from it, fell away, don't go to church .1
999) Don't know/refused 96.8
Missing1038 
TOTAL1829100.0
[ Add to Question Bank | View Question Bank ]
67) Collapsed version of Q16OE_1 (Q16OE_1B)
TOTAL%
1) Religious teachings 25.5
2) Moral/social teachings 1.3
3) Organized religion 2.2
4) Religion's rules, rigidity, etc. 4
5) Particular churches and their leaders/members 10.8
6) Spiritual/social connectedness 9.2
7) Personal spirituality 12.6
8) Marriage and family 18
9) New circumstances 3.9
10) Other reasons 9
11) Don't know/refused 3.4
Missing1038 
TOTAL1829100.0
[ Add to Question Bank | View Question Bank ]
68) Collapsed version of Q16OE_2 (Q16OE_2B)
TOTAL%
1) Religious teachings 3
2) Moral/social teachings .7
3) Organized religion 1.3
4) Religion's rules, rigidity, etc. .9
5) Particular churches and their leaders/members 3.1
6) Spiritual/social connectedness 3.1
7) Personal spirituality 1.3
8) Marriage and family 1.4
9) New circumstances 0
10) Other reasons .2
12) No answer given 84.8
Missing1038 
TOTAL1829100.0
[ Add to Question Bank | View Question Bank ]
69) Collapsed version of Q16OE_3 (Q16OE_3B)
TOTAL%
1) Religious teachings .3
2) Moral/social teachings 0
3) Organized religion .3
4) Religion's rules, rigidity, etc. .1
5) Particular churches and their leaders/members 1
6) Spiritual/social connectedness .7
7) Personal spirituality .2
8) Marriage and family .5
10) Other reasons .1
12) No answer given 96.8
Missing1038 
TOTAL1829100.0
[ Add to Question Bank | View Question Bank ]
70) Collapsed version of Q16OE_1B (Q16OE_1C)
TOTAL%
1) Religious and moral beliefs 26.8
2) Religious institutions, practices and people 26.2
3) Personal spirituality 12.6
4) Lifecycle changes 21.9
5) Other reasons 9
6) Don't know/refused 3.4
Missing1038 
TOTAL1829100.0
[ Analyze results | Add to Question Bank | View Question Bank ]
71) Collapsed version of Q16OE_2B (Q16OE_2C)
TOTAL%
1) Religious and moral beliefs 3.7
2) Religious institutions, practices and people 8.4
3) Personal spirituality 1.3
4) Lifecycle changes 1.5
5) Other reasons .2
7) No answer given 84.8
Missing1038 
TOTAL1829100.0
[ Analyze results | Add to Question Bank | View Question Bank ]
72) Collapsed version of Q16OE_3B (Q16OE_3C)
TOTAL%
1) Religious and moral beliefs .4
2) Religious institutions, practices and people 2
3) Personal spirituality .2
4) Lifecycle changes .5
5) Other reasons .1
7) No answer given 96.8
Missing1038 
TOTAL1829100.0
[ Analyze results | Add to Question Bank | View Question Bank ]
73) As I read a list of possible reasons, please tell me whether or not each one is an important reason for why you became (CURREL). First what about this… (INSERT; RANDOMIZE; ALWAYS ASK Q18 IMMEDIATELY FOLLOWING Q17H). Is this an important reason you became (CURREL), or not? What about (INSERT NEXT ITEM). (READ FOR FIRST SEVERAL ITEMS, THEN AS NECESSARY AND AT LEAST EVERY THREE OR FOUR ITEMS AND AFTER READING Q18: Is this an important reason you became (CURREL), or not? You married someone who is (CURREL). (Q17A)
TOTAL%
1) Yes, important reason 22.9
2) No, not important reason 76.9
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) .3
Missing1038 
TOTAL1829100.0
[ Analyze results | Add to Question Bank | View Question Bank ]
74) You moved to a new community. Is this an important reason you became (CURREL), or not? (Q17B)
TOTAL%
1) Yes, important reason 24.5
2) No, not important reason 75
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) .5
Missing1038 
TOTAL1829100.0
[ Analyze results | Add to Question Bank | View Question Bank ]
75) You became separated or divorced. Is this an important reason you became (CURREL), or not? (Q17C)
TOTAL%
1) Yes, important reason 3.2
2) No, not important reason 96.4
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) .4
Missing1038 
TOTAL1829100.0
[ Analyze results | Add to Question Bank | View Question Bank ]
76) Someone you were close to passed away. Is this an important reason you became (CURREL), or not? (Q17D)
TOTAL%
1) Yes, important reason 7.5
2) No, not important reason 92
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) .4
Missing1038 
TOTAL1829100.0
[ Analyze results | Add to Question Bank | View Question Bank ]
77) IF CONVERT NOW AFFILIATED, ASK: You were attracted by a particular minister or pastor. Is this an important reason you became (CURREL), or not? (Q17E)
TOTAL%
1) Yes, important reason 32.1
2) No, not important reason 67.7
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) .2
Missing1816 
TOTAL1051100.0
[ Analyze results | Add to Question Bank | View Question Bank | View more questions about Religious Conversion Experiences, Occurrence of ]
78) IF CONVERT NOW AFFILIATED, ASK: you enjoy the religious services and style of worship. Is this an important reason you became (CURREL), or not? (Q17F)
TOTAL%
1) Yes, important reason 82.2
2) No, not important reason 17.4
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) .4
Missing1816 
TOTAL1051100.0
[ Analyze results | Add to Question Bank | View Question Bank | View more questions about Religious Conversion Experiences, Occurrence of ]
79) IF CONVERT NOW AFFILIATED, ASK: You felt called by God. Is this an important reason you became (CURREL), or not? (Q17G)
TOTAL%
1) Yes, important reason 50.4
2) No, not important reason 48.1
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) 1.5
Missing1816 
TOTAL1051100.0
[ Analyze results | Add to Question Bank | View Question Bank | View more questions about Religious Conversion Experiences, Occurrence of ]
80) IF CONVERT NOW AFFILIATED, ASK: You were asked to join by a member of the religion. Is this an important reason you became (CURREL), or not? (Q17H)
TOTAL%
1) Yes, important reason 29.7
2) No, not important reason 69.3
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) .9
Missing1816 
TOTAL1051100.0
[ Analyze results | Add to Question Bank | View Question Bank | View more questions about Religious Conversion Experiences, Occurrence of ]
81) IF CONVERT NOW UNAFFILIATED, ASK: You just haven't yet found the right religion for you. Is this an important reason you became (CURREL), or not? (Q17I)
TOTAL%
1) Yes, important reason 35.9
2) No, not important reason 62.1
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) 2
Missing2089 
TOTAL778100.0
[ Analyze results | Add to Question Bank | View Question Bank | View more questions about Religious Conversion Experiences, Occurrence of ]
82) IF CONVERT NOW UNAFFILIATED, ASK: You just don't believe in God or the teachings of most religions. Is this an important reason you became (CURREL), or not? (Q17J)
TOTAL%
1) Yes, important reason 40.9
2) No, not important reason 54.8
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) 4.4
Missing2089 
TOTAL778100.0
[ Analyze results | Add to Question Bank | View Question Bank | View more questions about Religious Conversion Experiences, Occurrence of ]
83) IF Q17H=1, ASK: And was this a friend or relative of yours, or not? (Q18)
TOTAL%
1) Yes, was a friend or relative 82.4
2) No, was not a friend or relative 15.9
3) Asked by both friends/relatives and other people/other (Vol.) .5
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) 1.2
Missing2566 
TOTAL301100.0
[ Analyze results | Add to Question Bank | View Question Bank ]
84) IF CONVERT NOW UNAFFILIATED, ASK: As I read a short list of statements, please tell me if you agree or disagree with each one. First, religious organizations tend to focus too much on rules and not enough on spirituality. Do you agree or disagree? (Q19A)
TOTAL%
1) Agree 72.3
2) Disagree 19.5
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) 8.2
Missing2089 
TOTAL778100.0
[ Analyze results | Add to Question Bank | View Question Bank ]
85) IF CONVERT NOW UNAFFILIATED, ASK: Next, many religions are partly true, but no religion is completely true. Do you agree or disagree? (Q19B)
TOTAL%
1) Agree 75.8
2) Disagree 19.5
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) 4.7
Missing2089 
TOTAL778100.0
[ Analyze results | Add to Question Bank | View Question Bank ]
86) IF CONVERT NOW UNAFFILIATED, ASK: Next, religious leaders are more concerned with money and power than with truth and spirituality. Do you agree or disagree? (Q19C)
TOTAL%
1) Agree 66.3
2) Disagree 26.9
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) 6.9
Missing2089 
TOTAL778100.0
[ Analyze results | Add to Question Bank | View Question Bank ]
87) IF CONVERT NOW UNAFFILIATED, ASK: Next, members of religious groups tend to be hypocritical and judgmental rather than sincere and forgiving. Do you agree or disagree? (Q19D)
TOTAL%
1) Agree 76.2
2) Disagree 18.9
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) 4.9
Missing2089 
TOTAL778100.0
[ Analyze results | Add to Question Bank | View Question Bank ]
88) IF CONVERT NOW UNAFFILIATED, ASK: Next, modern science proves that religion is just superstition. Do you agree or disagree? (Q19E)
TOTAL%
1) Agree 32.9
2) Disagree 59.7
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) 7.4
Missing2089 
TOTAL778100.0
[ Analyze results | Add to Question Bank | View Question Bank | View more questions about Science, Attitude towards/Trust in ]
89) IF Q19A=1, ASK: Is this an important reason that you became (CURREL), or not? (Q20A)
TOTAL%
1) Yes, is an important reason 67.2
2) No, not an important reason 31.2
9) Don't know/refused 1.6
Missing2341 
TOTAL526100.0
[ Analyze results | Add to Question Bank | View Question Bank ]
90) IF Q19B=1, ASK: Is this an important reason that you became (CURREL), or not? (Q20B)
TOTAL%
1) Yes, is an important reason 60
2) No, not an important reason 39
9) Don't know/refused .9
Missing2272 
TOTAL595100.0
[ Analyze results | Add to Question Bank | View Question Bank ]
91) IF Q19C=1, ASK: Is this an important reason that you became (CURREL), or not? (Q20C)
TOTAL%
1) Yes, is an important reason 61.2
2) No, not an important reason 38.4
9) Don't know/refused .4
Missing2368 
TOTAL499100.0
[ Analyze results | Add to Question Bank | View Question Bank ]
92) IF Q19D=1, ASK: Is this an important reason that you became (CURREL), or not? (Q20D)
TOTAL%
1) Yes, is an important reason 71.3
2) No, not an important reason 27.7
9) Don't know/refused 1.1
Missing2305 
TOTAL562100.0
[ Analyze results | Add to Question Bank | View Question Bank ]
93) IF Q19E=1, ASK: Is this an important reason that you became (CURREL), or not? (Q20E)
TOTAL%
1) Yes, is an important reason 75.9
2) NO, not an important reason 23.8
9) Don't know/refused .2
Missing2595 
TOTAL272100.0
[ Analyze results | Add to Question Bank | View Question Bank ]
94) IF NON-CONVERT: Would you say there was ever a time in your life when you didn't consider yourself (CURREL)? (Q21)
TOTAL%
1) Yes 15.9
2) No 83.1
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) 1
Missing1894 
TOTAL973100.0
[ Analyze results | Add to Question Bank | View Question Bank ]
95) ASK IF [CONVERT (CON11=1) OR Q21=1] AND FRMREL2 NE 1 AND CURREL2 NE 1: And finally, as I read a short list of some different religions and churches, please tell me which, if any, you have ever identified with at any point in your life? Have you ever been Baptist? (Q22A)
TOTAL%
1) Yes 13.3
2) No 86.6
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) 0
Missing1217 
TOTAL1650100.0
[ Analyze results | Add to Question Bank | View Question Bank ]
96) ASK IF [CONVERT (CON11=1) OR Q21=1] AND FRMREL2 NE 2 AND CURREL2 NE 2: Have you ever been Methodist? (Q22B)
TOTAL%
1) Yes 11.1
2) No 88.6
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) .3
Missing1088 
TOTAL1779100.0
[ Analyze results | Add to Question Bank | View Question Bank ]
97) ASK IF [CONVERT (CON11=1) OR Q21=1] AND FRMREL2 NE 3 AND CURREL2 NE 3: Have you ever been a nondenominational Christian? (Q22C)
TOTAL%
1) Yes 27.1
2) No 71.2
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) 1.8
Missing993 
TOTAL1874100.0
[ Analyze results | Add to Question Bank | View Question Bank ]
98) ASK IF [CONVERT (CON11=1) OR Q21=1] AND FRMREL2 NE 4 AND CURREL2 NE 4: Have you ever been Lutheran? (Q22D)
TOTAL%
1) Yes 3.5
2) No 95.9
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) .6
Missing1005 
TOTAL1862100.0
[ Analyze results | Add to Question Bank | View Question Bank ]
99) ASK IF [CONVERT (CON11=1) OR Q21=1]: Have you ever been part of any other Protestant church or denomination I haven't mentioned? (Q22E)
TOTAL%
1) Yes 20.1
2) No 79.4
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) .6
Missing821 
TOTAL2046100.0
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100) ASK IF [CONVERT (CON11=1) OR Q21=1] AND FRMREL2 NE 10000 AND CURREL2 NE 10000: Have you ever been Catholic? (Q22F)
TOTAL%
1) Yes 8
2) No 91.9
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) .1
Missing1726 
TOTAL1141100.0
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101) ASK IF [CONVERT (CON11=1) OR Q21=1] AND FRMREL2 NE 20000 AND CURREL2 NE 20000: Have you ever been Mormon? (Q22G)
TOTAL%
1) Yes 2.7
2) No 97.3
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) .1
Missing856 
TOTAL2011100.0
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102) ASK IF [CONVERT (CON11=1) OR Q21=1] AND FRMREL2 NE 50000 AND CURREL2 NE 50000: Have you ever been Jewish? (Q22H)
TOTAL%
1) Yes .8
2) No 99.2
Missing852 
TOTAL2015100.0
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103) ASK IF [CONVERT (CON11=1) OR Q21=1] AND FRMREL2 NE 100003 AND CURREL2 NE 100003: Have you ever been just nothing in particular? (Q22H2)
TOTAL%
1) Yes 33.8
2) No 64.7
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) 1.4
Missing1735 
TOTAL1132100.0
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104) ASK IF [CONVERT (CON11=1) OR Q21=1] AND FRMREL2 NE 100001 AND CURREL2 NE 100001: Have you ever been an atheist? (Q22I)
TOTAL%
1) Yes 5.4
2) No 93.8
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) .8
Missing930 
TOTAL1937100.0
[ Analyze results | Add to Question Bank | View Question Bank ]
105) ASK IF [CONVERT (CON11=1) OR Q21=1] AND FRMREL2 NE 100002 AND CURREL2 NE 100002: Have you ever been an agnostic? (Q22J)
TOTAL%
1) Yes 12.1
2) No 83.5
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) 4.4
Missing992 
TOTAL1875100.0
[ Analyze results | Add to Question Bank | View Question Bank ]
106) ASK IF [CONVERT (CON11=1) OR Q21=1]: Have you ever been a part of any other religion I haven't mentioned? (Q22L)
TOTAL%
1) Yes 6.7
2) No 93.2
9) Don't know/refused (Vol.) .1
Missing821 
TOTAL2046100.0
[ Analyze results | Add to Question Bank | View Question Bank ]
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