Portraits of American Life Study
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The PALS seeks to understand the impact of religion in everyday life, and ultimately the connections between religious change and other forms of change among diverse individuals and families over the course of their lives.
Results & Summaries
On average, how many cigarettes per day do you smoke? (HM_18)


Variable Comparisons

[Age | Gender | Political Ideology | Race | Religious Tradition | Region | Education ]

Age

18 to 29 years old 30 to 44 years old 45 to 59 years old 60 to 74 years old 75 years and older TOTAL
Refused 0.5%
1		 0.0%
0		 0.0%
0		 0.0%
0		 0.0%
0		 0.1%
1
Don't know 0.5%
1		 0.0%
0		 0.5%
2		 0.0%
0		 0.0%
0		 0.2%
3
None 31.3%
62		 39.6%
124		 51.2%
217		 69.8%
169		 88.8%
71		 51.2%
643
1-5 21.2%
42		 13.7%
43		 5.4%
23		 2.5%
6		 2.5%
2		 9.2%
116
6-10 21.7%
43		 16.3%
51		 10.6%
45		 3.7%
9		 3.8%
3		 12.0%
151
11-15 4.5%
9		 7.3%
23		 6.4%
27		 4.5%
11		 0.0%
0		 5.6%
70
16-20 15.7%
31		 15.0%
47		 16.5%
70		 14.9%
36		 3.8%
3		 14.9%
187
More than 20 4.5%
9		 8.0%
25		 9.4%
40		 4.5%
11		 1.3%
1		 6.8%
86
Missing 358 436 330 169 62 1355
TOTAL 100.0%
198		 100.0%
313		 100.0%
424		 100.0%
242		 100.0%
80
1257


Gender

Female Male TOTAL
Refused 0.2%
1		 0.0%
0		 0.1%
1
Don't know 0.3%
2		 0.2%
1		 0.2%
3
None 49.9%
296		 52.5%
348		 51.3%
644
1-5 9.8%
58		 8.6%
57		 9.2%
115
6-10 13.2%
78		 11.2%
74		 12.1%
152
11-15 7.1%
42		 4.4%
29		 5.7%
71
16-20 14.3%
85		 15.2%
101		 14.8%
186
More than 20 5.2%
31		 8.0%
53		 6.7%
84
Missing 758 596 1354
TOTAL 100.0%
593		 100.0%
663
1256


Political ideology

Very liberal Somewhat liberal Middle of the road Somewhat conservative Very conservative Haven't thought much about it Missing TOTAL
Refused 0.0%
0		 0.0%
0		 0.0%
0		 0.0%
0		 0.0%
0		 0.3%
1
0		 0.1%
1
Don't know 0.0%
0		 0.0%
0		 0.0%
0		 0.0%
0		 0.0%
0		 0.9%
3
0		 0.2%
3
None 39.3%
35		 61.9%
120		 50.8%
167		 67.5%
137		 62.4%
73		 34.7%
110
3		 51.4%
642
1-5 16.9%
15		 6.2%
12		 9.1%
30		 4.9%
10		 11.1%
13		 10.1%
32
3		 9.0%
112
6-10 9.0%
8		 10.3%
20		 12.5%
41		 7.9%
16		 3.4%
4		 19.6%
62
0		 12.1%
151
11-15 7.9%
7		 6.2%
12		 3.3%
11		 4.9%
10		 12.0%
14		 5.4%
17
0		 5.7%
71
16-20 25.8%
23		 13.4%
26		 13.7%
45		 11.3%
23		 6.8%
8		 18.9%
60
1		 14.8%
185
More than 20 1.1%
1		 2.1%
4		 10.6%
35		 3.4%
7		 4.3%
5		 10.1%
32
1		 6.7%
84
Missing 81 184 303 300 108 360 0 1336
TOTAL 100.0%
89		 100.0%
194		 100.0%
329		 100.0%
203		 100.0%
117		 100.0%
317
8
1249


Race

White Black Hispanic Asian Pacific Islander Other TOTAL
Refused 0.1%
1		 0.0%
0		 0.0%
0		 0.0%
0		 0.0%
0		 0.0%
0		 0.1%
1
Don't know 0.2%
2		 0.0%
0		 0.9%
1		 0.0%
0		 0.0%
0		 0.0%
0		 0.2%
3
None 53.4%
514		 31.5%
35		 48.6%
53		 69.7%
23		 75.0%
3		 47.2%
17		 51.4%
645
1-5 5.7%
55		 22.5%
25		 25.7%
28		 12.1%
4		 0.0%
0		 5.6%
2		 9.1%
114
6-10 10.5%
101		 23.4%
26		 12.8%
14		 9.1%
3		 25.0%
1		 16.7%
6		 12.0%
151
11-15 6.4%
62		 5.4%
6		 0.9%
1		 0.0%
0		 0.0%
0		 2.8%
1		 5.6%
70
16-20 15.7%
151		 13.5%
15		 6.4%
7		 9.1%
3		 0.0%
0		 27.8%
10		 14.8%
186
More than 20 7.9%
76		 3.6%
4		 4.6%
5		 0.0%
0		 0.0%
0		 0.0%
0		 6.8%
85
Missing 849 167 212 75 5 46 1354
TOTAL 100.0%
962		 100.0%
111		 100.0%
109		 100.0%
33		 100.0%
4		 100.0%
36
1255


Religion

Black Protestant Evangelical Protestant Mainline Protestant Catholic Unaffiliated Other TOTAL
Refused 0.0%
0		 0.3%
1		 0.0%
0		 0.0%
0		 0.0%
0		 0.0%
0		 0.1%
1
Don't know 0.0%
0		 0.3%
1		 0.0%
0		 0.6%
2		 0.0%
0		 0.0%
0		 0.2%
3
None 32.1%
18		 53.3%
178		 56.7%
93		 56.1%
185		 40.1%
93		 55.4%
77		 51.3%
644
1-5 17.9%
10		 6.0%
20		 6.7%
11		 9.7%
32		 11.2%
26		 11.5%
16		 9.2%
115
6-10 21.4%
12		 8.1%
27		 8.5%
14		 12.7%
42		 15.5%
36		 15.1%
21		 12.1%
152
11-15 5.4%
3		 6.6%
22		 7.9%
13		 2.1%
7		 7.3%
17		 5.8%
8		 5.6%
70
16-20 21.4%
12		 16.8%
56		 14.6%
24		 12.4%
41		 18.1%
42		 7.9%
11		 14.8%
186
More than 20 1.8%
1		 8.7%
29		 5.5%
9		 6.4%
21		 7.8%
18		 4.3%
6		 6.7%
84
Missing 91 361 199 363 177 164 1355
TOTAL 100.0%
56		 100.0%
334		 100.0%
164		 100.0%
330		 100.0%
232		 100.0%
139
1255


Region

Northeast Midwest South West TOTAL
Refused 0.0%
0		 0.3%
1		 0.0%
0		 0.0%
0		 0.1%
1
Don't know 0.9%
2		 0.3%
1		 0.0%
0		 0.0%
0		 0.2%
3
None 57.0%
126		 50.5%
158		 45.7%
191		 55.6%
169		 51.3%
644
1-5 11.3%
25		 6.4%
20		 8.9%
37		 11.2%
34		 9.2%
116
6-10 10.4%
23		 11.2%
35		 12.9%
54		 12.8%
39		 12.0%
151
11-15 5.4%
12		 4.8%
15		 5.3%
22		 7.2%
22		 5.7%
71
16-20 8.6%
19		 18.2%
57		 19.9%
83		 8.6%
26		 14.7%
185
More than 20 6.3%
14		 8.3%
26		 7.4%
31		 4.6%
14		 6.8%
85
Missing 220 309 462 364 1355
TOTAL 100.0%
221		 100.0%
313		 100.0%
418		 100.0%
304
1256


Education

No high school diploma GED or high school diploma Vocational/technical diploma or Associate's degree Bachelor's degree Graduate degree Other TOTAL
Refused 0.0%
0		 0.2%
1		 0.0%
0		 0.0%
0		 0.0%
0		 0.0%
0		 0.1%
1
Don't know 0.0%
0		 0.4%
2		 0.4%
1		 0.0%
0		 0.0%
0		 0.0%
0		 0.2%
3
None 35.3%
61		 44.1%
239		 53.3%
131		 60.0%
90		 88.9%
96		 73.7%
28		 51.3%
645
1-5 9.2%
16		 9.8%
53		 8.5%
21		 12.0%
18		 4.6%
5		 5.3%
2		 9.1%
115
6-10 16.2%
28		 12.2%
66		 12.2%
30		 14.7%
22		 2.8%
3		 5.3%
2		 12.0%
151
11-15 6.4%
11		 7.2%
39		 6.5%
16		 3.3%
5		 0.0%
0		 0.0%
0		 5.6%
71
16-20 21.4%
37		 16.8%
91		 15.4%
38		 8.7%
13		 2.8%
3		 10.5%
4		 14.8%
186
More than 20 11.6%
20		 9.4%
51		 3.7%
9		 1.3%
2		 0.9%
1		 5.3%
2		 6.8%
85
Missing 133 515 234 271 159 33 1345
TOTAL 100.0%
173		 100.0%
542		 100.0%
246		 100.0%
150		 100.0%
108		 100.0%
38
1257
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