National Congregations Study, Cumulative Dataset (1998, 2006-2007, 2012, and 2018-2019)

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PAIDMUS Was anyone paid by the congregation to sing or perform music at this service?   1) Yes   2) No

Pie Chart Bar Chart Cumulative Bar Chart

Category	Frequency	Percentage	Cumulative Percentage	Z-Score
Yes	584	44.1%	44.1%	-1.12
No	741	55.9%	100.0%	0.89

Variable Comparisons

Year Region Theology Political ideology Religion

Year (I-YEAR)

	1998	2006	2012	2018	TOTAL
Yes	0.00% 0	0.00% 0	44.1% 584	0.00% 0	44.1% 584
No	0.00% 0	0.00% 0	55.9% 741	0.00% 0	55.9% 741
TOTAL	100.0% 0	100.0% 0	100.0% 1325	100.0% 0	1325

Region (I-REGION)

	New England or Mid-Atlantic	East North Central or West North Central	South Atlantic, East South Central, or West South Central	Mountain or Pacific	TOTAL
Yes	50.0% 82	50.4% 176	38.2% 213	44.3% 113	44.1% 584
No	50.0% 82	49.6% 173	61.8% 344	55.7% 142	55.9% 741
TOTAL	100.0% 164	100.0% 349	100.0% 557	100.0% 255	1325

Theology (I-THEOLOGY)

	More conservative	Right in the middle	More liberal	TOTAL
Yes	38.2% 288	47.9% 184	62.3% 104	44.2% 576
No	61.8% 465	52.1% 200	37.7% 63	55.8% 728
TOTAL	100.0% 753	100.0% 384	100.0% 167	1304

Political ideology (I-POLITICS)

	More conservative	Right in the middle	More liberal	TOTAL
Yes	40.6% 276	46.5% 218	54.9% 73	44.2% 567
No	59.4% 404	53.5% 251	45.1% 60	55.8% 715
TOTAL	100.0% 680	100.0% 469	100.0% 133	1282

Religion (I-RELIGION)

	Roman Catholic	White conservative, evangelical, or fundamentalist	Black Protestant	White liberal or moderate	Non-Christian	TOTAL
Yes	60.5% 210	31.8% 162	32.6% 61	55.9% 133	41.9% 18	44.1% 584
No	39.5% 137	68.2% 348	67.4% 126	44.1% 105	58.1% 25	55.9% 741
TOTAL	100.0% 347	100.0% 510	100.0% 187	100.0% 238	100.0% 43	1325