National Congregations Study, Cumulative Dataset (1998, 2006-2007, 2012, and 2018-2019)

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LAUGH Did people laugh out loud at any point in this service?   1) Yes   2) No

Pie Chart Bar Chart Cumulative Bar Chart

Category	Frequency	Percentage	Cumulative Percentage	Z-Score
Yes	922	75.1%	75.1%	-0.58
No	306	24.9%	100.0%	1.73

Variable Comparisons

Year Region Theology Political ideology Religion

Year (I-YEAR)

	1998	2006	2012	2018	TOTAL
Yes	75.1% 922	0.00% 0	0.00% 0	0.00% 0	75.1% 922
No	24.9% 306	0.00% 0	0.00% 0	0.00% 0	24.9% 306
TOTAL	100.0% 1228	100.0% 0	100.0% 0	100.0% 0	1228

Region (I-REGION)

	New England or Mid-Atlantic	East North Central or West North Central	South Atlantic, East South Central, or West South Central	Mountain or Pacific	TOTAL
Yes	68.6% 155	71.8% 206	78.5% 390	78.4% 171	75.1% 922
No	31.4% 71	28.2% 81	21.5% 107	21.6% 47	24.9% 306
TOTAL	100.0% 226	100.0% 287	100.0% 497	100.0% 218	1228

Theology (I-THEOLOGY)

	More conservative	Right in the middle	More liberal	TOTAL
Yes	74.3% 475	73.6% 320	89.0% 113	75.6% 908
No	25.7% 164	26.4% 115	11.0% 14	24.4% 293
TOTAL	100.0% 639	100.0% 435	100.0% 127	1201

Political ideology (I-POLITICS)

	More conservative	Right in the middle	More liberal	TOTAL
Yes	75.5% 480	73.3% 316	86.1% 87	75.6% 883
No	24.5% 156	26.7% 115	13.9% 14	24.4% 285
TOTAL	100.0% 636	100.0% 431	100.0% 101	1168

Religion (I-RELIGION)

	Roman Catholic	White conservative, evangelical, or fundamentalist	Black Protestant	White liberal or moderate	Non-Christian	TOTAL
Yes	56.4% 167	79.5% 345	74.8% 107	88.3% 273	65.2% 30	75.1% 922
No	43.6% 129	20.5% 89	25.2% 36	11.7% 36	34.8% 16	24.9% 306
TOTAL	100.0% 296	100.0% 434	100.0% 143	100.0% 309	100.0% 46	1228