Browse 114 concepts used in the study of religion, review how survey researchers measured them in the past, and quickly compare the results of more than 7,600 survey questions.
The archive is a collection of surveys, polls, and other data submitted by the foremost scholars and research centers in the world. Review and analyze data online, or download free of charge.
Examine the religious composition, religious freedoms, demographics, constitutional clauses, survey findings and multiple social and political measures for 250 nations.
View maps of the United States and individual states for hundreds of variables, including congregational membership, census data, crime statistics and many others.
Generate congregational membership reports for any county, state and urban area in the United States using data collected by the Religious Congregations & Membership Study.
The profiles chart schisms and mergers, document membership trends, offer basic descriptions, and link to additional resources for more than 400 past and present American religious groups.
Browse dozens of topics from a major national survey of religious congregations. See how the responses vary by the size, religious family and region of the congregation.
Browse dozens of topics covered by major national surveys. See how the responses vary by demographic categories and, when available, how they change over time.
View maps of the United States and individual states for hundreds of variables, including congregational membership, census data, crime statistics and many others.
Started in 1984, the International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) is an ongoing program of cross-national collaboration. The program develops modules that deal with areas of interest in the social sciences. These modules supplement regular national surveys. The 2008 religion module includes data from Australia, Austria, Belgium - Flanders, Chile, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Finland, France, Germany, Great Britain, Hungary, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Latvia, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Northern Ireland, Norway, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, South Africa, South Korea, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, Turkey, Ukraine, Uruguay, the United States of America, and Venezuela. Similar to the 1991 and 1998 ISSP religion modules, this data set includes numerous measures of religious affiliation, beliefs, and participation. It also contains measures of several social and political attitudes. Finally, the data set contains basic demographic information such as age, sex, education, and occupation. For more information, visit the ISSP 2008 website.
The research organization in each country funds all of its own costs and the merging of the data into a cross-national data set is performed by the Zentralarchiv fuer Empirische Sozialforschung, University of Cologne.
Collection Procedures
Collection methodology varied by country. Methods included face-to-face interviews, telephone interviews, postal surveys and self-completion questionnaire.
Sampling Procedures
Sampling procedures also varied by country. For sampling, each country used one of the following techniques: probability cluster sample, stratified random sample, simple random sample, random equal probability sample, or area probability sample. All respondents were 18 years old and older, with the following exceptions: Finland (15), South Africa (16), Japan (16), Russia (16) and Sweden (17).
110 Armed forces, all personnel 1000 Legislators,senior officials and managers 1100 Legislators and senior officials 1110 Legislators 1120 Senior government official 1130 Traditional chiefs and heads of villages 1140 Senior officials of special interest organisation 1141 Senior officials of political party organisations 1142 Senior officials of employers, workers and other economic interest organisations 1143 Senior officials of humanitarian and other special-interest organisations 1200 Corporate managers 1210 Directors and chief executives 1220 Production and operations department managers 1221 Production and operations department managers in agriculture, hunting, forestry and fishing 1222 Productions and operations department managers in manufacturing 1223 Productions and operations department managers in construction 1224 Productions and operations department managers in retail trade 1225 Productions and operations department managers in restaurants and hotels 1226 Productions and operations department managers in transport storage and communications 1227 Productions and operations department managers in business services 1228 Productions and operations department managers in personal care, cleaning and related services 1229 Productions and operations department managers not elsewhere classified 1230 Other department managers 1231 Finance and administration department managers 1232 Personnel and industrial relations department managers 1233 Sales and marketing department managers 1234 Advertising and public relations department managers 1235 Supply and distribution department managers 1236 Computing services department managers 1237 Research and development department managers 1238 Other department managers nec 1239 Other department managers 1300 General managers 1310 General managers 1311 General managers in agriculture 1312 General managers in manufacture 1313 General managers in construction 1314 General managers in wholesale and retail trade 1315 General managers of restaurants and hotels 1316 General managers in transport, storage and communications 1317 General managers of business services 1318 General managers in personal care, cleaning and related services 1319 General managers nec 2000 Professionals 2100 Physical, mathematical and engineering science professionals 2110 Physicists, chemists and related professionals 2111 Physicists, and astronomers 2112 Meteorologists 2113 Chemists 2114 Geologists and geophysicists 2120 Mathematicians, statisticians and related professionals 2121 Mathematicians and related professionals 2122 Statisticians 2130 Computing professionals 2131 Computing systems designers and analysts 2132 Computer programmers 2139 Computing professionals not elsewhere classified 2140 Architects, engineers and related professionals 2141 Architects, town and traffic planners 2142 Civil engineers 2143 Electrical engineers 2144 Electronics and telecommunications engineers 2145 Mechanical engineers 2146 Chemical engineers 2147 Mining engineers, metallurgists and related professionals 2148 Cartographers and surveyors 2149 Architects, engineers and related professionals not elsewhere classified 2199 Other natural scientist 2200 Life science and health professionals 2210 Life science professionals 2211 Biologist, botanist, zoologist and related professionals 2212 Pharmacologists, pathologists and related professionals 2213 Agronomists and related professionals 2220 Health professionals 2221 Medical doctors 2222 Dentists 2223 Veterinarians 2224 Pharmacists 2229 Health professionals (except nursing) not elsewhere classified 2230 Health professionals (except nursing) not elsewhere classified 2300 Teaching professionals 2310 College, university and higher education teacher 2320 Secondary education teacher 2330 Primary and pre-primary education teaching professionals 2331 Primary education teaching professionals 2332 Pre-primary education teaching professionals 2340 Special education teaching professionals 2350 Other teaching professionals 2351 Education methods specialists 2352 School inspectors 2359 Other teaching professionals not elsewhere classified, extra-systemic. Teacher 2400 Other professionals 2410 Business professionals 2411 Accountants 2412 Personnel and careers professionals 2419 Business professionals not elsewhere classified 2420 Legal professionals 2421 Lawyers 2422 Judges 2429 Legal professionals nec 2430 Archivists, librarians and related information professionals 2431 Archivists and curators 2432 Librarians and related information professionals 2440 Social science and related professionals 2441 Economists 2442 Sociologists, anthropologists and related professionals 2443 Philosophers, historians and political scientists 2444 Philologists, translators and interpreters 2445 Psychologists 2446 Social work professionals 2450 Writers and creative artists 2451 Authors, journalists and other writers 2452 Sculptors, painters and related artists 2453 Composers, musicians and singers 2454 Choreographers and dancers 2455 Film, stage and related actors and directors 2460 Religious professionals 2470 ISCO_COM: Public service administrative professionals 2500 Education professionals not elsewhere classified 3000 Technicians and associate professionals 3100 Physical and engineering science associate professionals 3110 Physical and engineering science technicians 3111 Chemical and physical science technicians 3112 Civil engineering technicians 3113 Electrical engineering technicians 3114 Electronics and telecommunication technicians 3115 Mechanical engineering technicians 3116 Chemical engineering technicians 3117 Mining and metallurgical technicians 3118 Draughtspersons 3119 Physical and engineering science technicians not elsewhere classified 3120 Computer associate professionals 3121 Computer assistants 3122 Computer equipment operators 3123 Industrial robot controllers 3130 Optical and electronic equipment operators 3131 Photographers and image and sound recording equipment operators 3132 Broadcasting and telecommunications equipment operators 3133 Medical equipment operators 3139 Optical and electronic equipment operators not elsewhere classified 3140 Ship and aircraft controllers and technicians 3141 Ships engineers 3142 Ships deck officers and pilots 3143 Aircraft pilots and related associate professionals 3144 Air traffic pilots 3145 Air traffic safety technicians 3150 Safety and quality inspectors 3151 Building and fire inspectors 3152 Safety, health and quality inspectors 3200 Life science and health associate professionals 3210 Life science technicians and related associate professionals 3211 Life science technicians 3212 Agronomy and forestry technicians 3213 Farming and forestry advisers 3220 Modern health associate professionals (except nursing) 3221 Medical assistants 3222 Sanitarians 3223 Dieticians and nutritionists 3224 Optometrists and opticians 3225 Dental assistants 3226 Physiotherapists and related associate professionals 3227 Veterinary assistants 3228 Pharmaceutical assistants 3229 Modern health associate professionals (except nursing) not elsewhere classified 3230 Nursing and midwifery associate professionals 3231 Nursing associate professionals 3232 Midwifery associate professionals 3240 Traditional medicine practitioners and faith healers 3241 Traditional medicine practitioners 3242 Faith healers 3300 Teaching associate professionals 3310 Primary education teaching associate professionals 3320 Pre-primary education teaching associate professionals 3330 Special education teaching associate professionals 3340 Other teaching associate professionals 3400 Other associate professionals 3410 Finance and sales associate professionals 3411 Securities and finance dealers and brokers 3412 Insurance representatives 3413 Estate agents 3414 Travel consultants and organisers 3415 Technical and commercial sales representatives 3416 Buyers 3417 Appraisers, valuers and auctioneers 3419 Finance and sales associate professionals not elsewhere classified 3420 Business services agents and trade broker 3421 Trade brokers 3422 Clearing and forwarding agents 3423 Employment agents and labour contractors 3429 Other business services agents and trade brokers not elsewhere classified 3430 Administrative associate professionals 3431 Administrative secretaries and related associate professionals 3432 Legal and related business associate professionals 3433 Bookkeepers 3434 Statistical, mathematical and related associate professionals 3439 Administrative associate professionals not elsewhere classified 3440 Customs, tax and related government associate professionals 3441 Customs and border inspectors 3442 Government tax and excise officials 3443 Government social benefits officials 3444 Government licensing officials 3449 Customs, tax and related government associate professionals not elsewhere classified 3450 Police inspectors and detectives 3460 Social work associate professionals 3470 Artistic, entertainment and sports associate professionals 3471 Decorators and commercial designers 3472 Radio, television and other announcers 3473 Clowns, magicians, acrobats and related associate professionals 3474 Clowns, magicians, acrobats and related associate professionals 3475 Athletes, sportspersons and related associate professional 3480 Religious associate professionals 4000 Office worker, clerks 4100 Office clerks 4110 Secretaries and keyboard-operating clerks 4111 Stenographers and typists 4112 Word-processor and related operators 4113 Data entry operators 4114 Calculating machine operators 4115 Secretaries 4120 Numerical clerks 4121 Accounting and bookkeeping clerks 4122 Statistical and finance clerks 4130 Material-recording and transport clerks 4131 Stock clerks 4132 Production clerks 4133 Transport clerks 4140 Library, mail and related clerks 4141 Library and filing clerks 4142 Mail carriers and sorting clerks 4143 Coding, proof-reading and related clerks 4144 Scribes and related workers 4190 Other office clerks, also assisting spouse 4200 Customer services clerks 4210 Cashiers, tellers and related clerks 4211 Cashiers and ticket clerks 4212 Tellers and other counter clerks 4213 Bookmakers and croupiers 4214 Pawnbrokers and money-lenders 4215 Debt-collectors and related workers 4220 Client information clerks 4221 Travel agency and related clerks 4222 Receptionists and information clerks 4223 Telephone switchboard operators 4400 Post office, higher civil service 4500 Railway official, higher civil service 5000 Personal service, sale 5100 Personal and protective services workers 5110 Travel attendants and related workers 5111 Travel attendentsand travel stewards 5112 Transport conductors 5113 Travel guides 5120 Housekeeping and restaurant services workers 5121 Housekeepers and related workers 5122 Cooks 5123 Waiters, waitresses and bartenders 5130 Personal care and related workers 5131 Child care workers 5132 Institution-based personal care workers 5133 Home-based personal care workers 5139 Personal care and related workers not elsewhere classified 5140 Other personal services workers 5141 Hairdressers, barbers, beauticians and related workers 5142 Companions and valets 5143 Undertakers and embalmers 5149 Other personal services workers nec 5150 Astrologers, fortune-tellers and related workers 5151 Astrologers and related workers 5152 Fortune-tellers and related workers 5160 Protective services workers 5161 Fire-fighters 5162 Police officers 5163 Prison guards 5169 Protective services workers nec 5200 Models, salespersons and demonstrators 5210 Fashion and other models 5220 Shop salespersons and demonstrators 5230 Stall and market salespersons 6000 Skilled agriculturaland fishery worker 6100 Market-oriented skilled agricultural and fishery workers 6110 Market gardeners and crop growers 6111 Field crop and vegetable growers 6112 Tree and shrub crop growers 6113 Gardeners, horticultural and nursery growers 6114 Mixed-crop growers 6120 Market-oriented animal producers and related workers 6121 Dairy and livestock producers 6122 Poultry producers 6123 Apiarists and sericulturists 6124 Mixed animal producers 6129 Market-oriented animal producers nec 6130 Market-oriented crop animal producer 6140 Forestry and related worker 6141 Forestry workers and logger 6142 Charcoal burners and related worker 6150 Fishery workers, hunters and trappers 6151 Aquatic-life cultivation worker 6152 Inland and coastal waters fishery workers 6153 Deep-sea fishery worker 6154 Hunters and trappers 6200 Subsistence agricultural and fishery workers 6210 Subsistence agricultural and fishery workers 7000 Craft and trade workers 7100 Extraction and building trades worker 7110 Miners, shot firers, stone cutters and carvers 7111 Miners and quarry workers 7112 Shotfirers and blasters 7113 Stone splitters, cutters and carvers 7120 Building frame and related trades workers 7121 Builders, traditional materials 7122 Bricklayers and stonemasons 7123 Concrete placers, concrete finishers and related workers 7124 Carpenters and joiners 7129 Building frame and related trades workers not elsewhere classified 7130 Building finishers and related trades workers 7131 Roofers 7132 Floor layers and tile setters 7133 Plasterers 7134 Insulation workers 7135 Glaziers 7136 Plumbers and pipe fitters 7137 Building and related electricians 7140 Painters, building structure cleaners and related trades workers 7141 Painters and related workers 7142 Varnishers and related painters 7143 Building structure cleaners 7200 Metal, machinery and related trades workers 7210 Metal moulders, welders, sheet-metal workers, structural metal preparers and related trades workers 7900 Master craftsmen, supervisors 8000 Plant and machine operators and assemblers 8100 Stationary-plant and related operators 8110 Mining- and mineral-processing-plant operators 8111 Mining-plant operators 8112 Mineral-ore and stone-processing-plant operators 8113 Well drillers and borers and related workers 8120 Metal-processing-plant operators 8121 Ore and metal furnace operators 8122 Metal melters, casters 8123 Metal-heat-treating-plant operators 8124 Metal drawers and extruders 8130 Glass, ceramics and related plant operators 8131 Glass, ceramics kiln and related machine operators 8139 Glass, ceramics and related plant operators not elsewhere classified 8140 Wood-processing- and papermaking-plant operators 8141 Wood-processing-plant operators 8142 Paper-pulp plant operators 8143 Paper making-plant operators 8150 Chemical-processing-plant operators 8151 Crushing-, grinding- and chemical mixing-machinery operators 8152 Chemical-heat-treating-plant operators 8153 Chemical-filtering- and separating-equipment operators 8154 Chemical-still and reactor operators (except petroleum and natural gas) 8155 Petroleum and natural-gas-refining-plant operators 8159 Chemical-processing-plant operators not elsewhere classified 8160 Power-production and related plant operators 8161 Power-production plant operators 8162 Steam-engine and boiler operators 8163 Incinerator, water-treatment and related operators 8170 Automated-assembly-line and industrial-robot operators 8171 Automated-assembly-line operators 8172 Industrial-robot operators 8200 Machine operators and assemblers 8210 Metal- and mineral-products machine operators 8211 Machine-tool operators 8212 Cement and other mineral products machine operators 8220 Chemical-products machine operators 8221 Pharmaceutical- and toiletry-products machine operators 8222 Ammunition products machine operator 8223 Metal finishing-, plating and coating-machine operators 8224 Photographic-products machine operator 8229 Chemical-products machine operators not elsewhere classified 8230 Rubber- and plastic-products machine operators 8231 Rubber-products machine operators 8232 Plastic-products machine operators 8240 Wood-products machine operators 8250 Printing-, binding- and paper-products machine operators 8251 Printing-machine operators 8252 Bookbinding-machine operators 8253 Paper-products machine operators 8260 Textile, fur- and leather-products machine operators 8261 Fibre-preparing-, spinning- and winding-machine operators 8262 Weaving- and knitting-machine operators 8263 Sewing-machine operators 8264 Bleaching-, dyeing- and cleaning-machine operators 8265 Fur- and leather-preparing-machine operators 8266 Shoemaking- and related machine operators 8269 Textile-, fur- and leather-products machine operators not elsewhere classified 8270 Food and related products machine operators 8271 Meat- and fish-processing-machine operators 8272 Dairy-products machine operators 8273 Grain- and spice-milling-machine operators 8274 Baked-goods, cereal and chocolate-products machine operators 8275 Fruit-, vegetable- and nut-processing-machine operators 8276 Sugar production machine operators 8277 Fruit-, vegetable- and nut-processing-machine operators 8278 Beverage machine operators 8279 Tobacco production machine operators 8280 Assemblers 8281 Mechanical-machinery assemblers 8282 Electrical-equipment assemblers 8283 Electronic-equipment assemblers 8284 Metal-, rubber- and plastic-products assemblers 8285 Wood and related products assemblers 8286 Paperboard, textile and related products assemblers 8290 Other machine operators and assemblers 8300 Drivers and mobile-plant operators 8310 Locomotive-engine drivers and related workers 8311 Locomotive-engine drivers 8312 Railway brakers, signallers and shunters 8320 Motor-vehicle drivers 8321 Motor-cycle drivers 8322 Car, taxi and van drivers 8323 Bus and tram drivers 8324 Heavy truck and lorry drivers 8330 Agricultural and other mobile-plant operators 8331 Motorised farm and forestry plant operators 8332 Motorised farm and forestry plant operators 8333 Crane, hoist and related plant operators 8334 Lifting-truck operators 8340 Ships deck crews and related workers 9000 Elementary occupations 9100 Sales and services elementary occupations 9110 Street vendors and related workers 9111 Street food vendors 9112 Street vendors, non-food products 9113 Door-to-door, telephone salesperson 9120 Shoe cleaning and other street services elementary occupations 9130 Domestic and related helpers, cleaners and launderers 9131 Domestic helpers and cleaners 9132 Helpers and cleaners in offices, hotels and other establishments 9133 Hand-launderers and pressers 9140 Building caretakers, window and related cleaners 9141 Building caretakers 9142 Vehicle, window and related cleaners 9150 Messengers, porters, doorkeepers and related workers 9151 Messengers, package and luggage porters and deliverers 9152 Doorkeepers, watchpersons and related workers 9153 Vending-machine money collectors, meter readers and related workers 9160 Garbage collectors and related labourers 9161 Garbage collectors 9162 Sweepers and related labourers 9200 Agricultural, fishery and related labourers 9210 Agricultural, fishery and related labourers 9211 Farm-hands and labourers 9212 Forestry labourers 9213 Fishery, hunting and trapping labourers 9300 Labourers in mining, construction, manufacturing and transport 9310 Mining and construction labourers 9311 Mining and quarrying labourers 9312 Construction and maintenance labourers: roads, dams and similar constructions 9313 Building construction labourers 9320 Manufacturing labourers 9321 Assembling labourers 9322 Hand packers and other manufacturing labourers 9330 Transport labourers and freight handlers 9331 Hand or pedal vehicle drivers 9332 Drivers of animal-drawn vehicles and machinery 9333 Freight handlers 9996 Not classifiable;inadequately described 9997 Refused 9998 Don't know 9999 NA
